اثربخشی روان‌درمانی مثبت‌نگر بر سرزندگی در سالمندان

سرزندگی به عنوان تجربه درونی سرشار از انرژی معرفی شده که در این تجربه، افراد در خود احساس شورِ زندگی و روحیه می‌کنند. سرزندگی ذهنی عبارت از داشتن احساس مثبت زندگی و بانشاط بودن است. چنین حالتی در دوره سالمندی اهمیت فراوانی دارد. بنابراین هدف این پژوهش بررسی اثربخشی روان‌درمانگری مثبت‌نگر بر سرزندگی در سالمندان بود. پژوهش حاضر نیمه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون–پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه‌ آماری شامل کلیه‌ سالمندان مراجع مراکز نگهداری روزانه سالمندان شهرستان الیگودرز در سال 1397 بودند که از میان آنها 30 سالمند به صورت هدفمند و بر اساس ملاک‌های ورود و خروج مطالعه انتخاب و در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل (هر گروه 15 نفر) جایگزین شدند. ابزار مورد استفاده در این پژوهش مقیاس سرزندگی ذهنی رایان و فردریک بود. گروه آزمایش در 8 جلسه‌ 90 دقیقه‌ای به صورت گروهی در جلسات روان‌درمانی مثبت‌نگر حضور یافتند، در حالی که گروه کنترل هیچ مداخله‌ای را دریافت نکردند. داده‎ها با استفاده از تحلیل کوواریانس تک متغیره (آنکوا) در نرم‌افزار spss نسخه 25 تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که روان‌درمانی مثبت‌نگر به طور معناداری باعث افزایش سرزندگی در سالمندان شده است. براساس نتایج این پژوهش پیشنهاد می‌شود از روان‌درمانی مثبت‌نگر برای افزایش سرزندگی در سالمندان استفاده شود.

The Effectiveness of Positive Psychotherapy on the Vitality in the Elderly

Vitality is presented as an energyfilled inner experience in which people experience a sense of life and spirit within themselves. Subjective vitality refers to a positive feeling of aliveness and energy. This condition appears to be important in the elderly. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to study of the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on vitality in the elderly. This was a quasiexperimental study with pretestposttest and control group design. The statistical population included all the elderly referring to the day care centers for the elderly in Aligudarz, Iran in 2018, among whom 30 elderly were chosen using purposive sampling method along with inclusion and exclusion criteria and assigned randomly into two groups of experimental and control (each with 15 members). Research tool consisted of Rayan & Frederick’s subjective vitality scale. 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