سالمندان، روایت‌پردازی کودکی و حافظه جمعی

«روایت» و «روایت‌پردازی» بخشی جدا نشدنی از حیات روانیاجتماعی انسانی است؛ تا جایی که حتی می‌توان گفت چیزی به نام انسان، بدون این مولفه و مولفه همزاد آن، یعنی «زمان»، غیر قابل تعریف و تصور است. نوشتار حاضر کوششی است در جهت شناخت چگونگی ساز و کار روایت‌پردازی، با عنایت به مفهوم حافظه جمعی و مشخصا ابژه‌های خاموش تاریخی در نزد سالمندان. چنین کوششی می‌تواند به «فهم» چنان سازوکاری مدد رساند و در حد وسع خود، دریچه هایی رو به موضوع مورد بحث بگشاید. البته این گشایش، می‌تواند مستقیم یا غیر مستقیم و به عنوان هدفی بطئی به سمت مطالعه و یا اقدامات درمانی همدلانه بعدی با سالمندان، در ساحت خاطره‌درمانی، گشوده شود. ماهیت این نوشتار، اشاراتی تئوریک و ترکیب مفهومی ‌آن اشارات را می‌طلبد و بدین لحاظ بخشی اساسی از پیکره آن برچنین مبنایی نقش خواهد بست. برای پیکربندی انضمامی داستان این نوشتار، میدان مطالعه تجربی آن، جهان روایتی سالمندان کرمانشاهی 82 تا 84 ساله دردسترس انتخاب شده است و ابژه مرکزی مورد نظر برای حافظه جمعی آنها در دوران کودکی، واقعه اسکان برخی از لهستانی‌ها در حین حضور متفقین در کرمانشاه، یعنی زمانی که آنان بین 6 تا 8 ساله بوده اند، قرار داده شده است. پس از مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته با آنان، چگونگی حک عناصر آن ابژه مرکزی در «جهان ادراک» شان و جولانِ عناصر پیدا و پنهان آن ابژه مرکزی در منظومه روایت‌پردازی­شان تدوین شده است و با تکیه بر مفاهیم تئوریک، کوششی برای بحثی انضمامی انجام پذیرفته است.

the elderly, childhood narration and collective memory

“narrative” and “narration” appear to be inseparable parts of the human psychosocial life, to the extent that it can even be mentioned that human being seems to be indefinable and inconceivable without this component and its twin component, namely “time”. the present manuscript is an attempt to understand how the mechanism of narration works, with regard to the concept of collective memory and specifically the silent historical objects in the elderly. such an effort may help to “understand” such a mechanism and, to its maximum extent possible, open the door to the subject matter. of course, this launching can be opened directly or indirectly, and as a dilatory goal, to the subsequent studies of or empathetic therapeutic proceedings for the elderly, in the field of reminiscence therapy. the nature of this manuscript demands theoretical allusions and the conceptual composition of those allusions, and therefore an essential part of its body will be based on such a basis. to concretely configure the story of this manuscript, the narrative world of the 82 to 84yearolds from kermanshah, iran have been selected as the experimental domain of study. the central object of their childhood collective memory was set on the settlement of some polish migrants in kermanshah during the presence of the allied, that is, when they were between seven and eight years old. having conducted a semistructured interview with them, there was compiled the way of imprinting the elements of that central object in their “world of perception” and the parade of the overt and covert elements of that central object in their narrative system. besides, based on theoretical concepts, an attempt has been made to provide a concrete discussion. references atkinson, r. l. 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