biochar derived from the husk and straw of rice (oryza sativa l.) produced via low-temperature pyrolysis as an effective adsorbent for pb (ii) removal

Pyrolysis is a promising thermochemical conversion process that transforms biomass into biochar, a carbon-rich solid material, in an oxygen-limited environment. this study focuses on the utilization of rice byproducts, namely rice straw and rice husk as feedstock for biochar production through low-temperature pyrolysis. the aim is to explore the potential of these biochars as cost-effective adsorbents for removing metal contaminants from aqueous solutions, with a particular emphasis on pb(ii) removal. physicochemical properties of the biochars produced at a low temperature of 300 °c were thoroughly investigated, including surface morphology and their adsorption capacity for pb(ii). remarkably, the rice straw biochar (rsb) produced at 300 °c exhibited exceptional pb(ii) adsorption capacity, with a value of 390.10±0.30 mg/g, and demonstrated a high pb(ii) removal efficiency of 96.10±0.30% when modified with 30% w/w h2o2. a crucial aspect of this study lies in the evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of the biochar production process, particularly when compared to commercially available adsorbents. by demonstrating the potential of rice byproduct-derived biochar as an efficient pb(ii) biosorbent in aqueous environments, this work not only provides new insights into the preparation of biochar using low-temperature pyrolysis but also offers a viable and economical solution for metal-contaminated water treatment. the findings of this research contribute to the field of sustainable waste utilization and highlight the significant potential of rice byproduct-based biochar as an environmentally friendly adsorbent for heavy metal removal.