تحلیل محتوای کتاب درسی«کارگاه نوآوری و کارآفرینی» پایه یازدهم رشته امور زراعی از نظر توجه به مولفه های کارآفرینی

این ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﮐﺘﺎب درﺳﯽ «ﮐﺎرﮔﺎه ﻧﻮآوری و ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎی ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮا ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎری ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﮐﺘﺎب «ﮐﺎرﮔﺎه ﻧﻮآوری و ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ» ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﯾﺎزدﻫﻢ دوره دوم ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﻪ ﻓﻨﯽ و ﺣﺮﻓﻪای (رﺷﺘﻪ اﻣﻮر زراﻋﯽ) ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮی اﻧﺠﺎم ﻧﺸﺪه و ﮐﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮای ﮐﺘﺎب ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮارﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﺑﺰار ﺟﻤﻊآوری اﻃﻼﻋﺎت، ﺳﯿﺎﻫﻪ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮای ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺑﻮده ﮐﻪ رواﯾﯽ آن ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﻈﺮات ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻨﻈﺮان و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ آن ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﺑﺎزآزﻣﺎﯾﯽ (89 درﺻﺪ) ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﺷﯿﻮه ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس روش آﻧﺘﺮوﭘﯽ ﺷﺎﻧﻮن ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎی ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ در ﮐﺘﺎب «ﮐﺎرﮔﺎه ﻧﻮآوری و ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ» در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع 244 ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎی ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﮐﺘﺎب ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ «ﺧﻼﻗﯿﺖ و ﻧﻮآوری» ﺑﺎ 90 ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ (37 درﺻﺪ) ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ و ﺑﻪ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ «ﻣﺴﺆﻟﯿﺖﭘﺬﯾﺮی» ﺑﺎ 5 ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ (2 درﺻﺪ) ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﺒﺬول ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ «ﺗﻮﻓﯿﻖﻃﻠﺒﯽ» ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ 0/138 دارای ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ و ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ «رﯾﺴﮏﭘﺬﯾﺮی» ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ 0/027، دارای ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺑﻮده اﻧﺪ. در ﻣﯿﺎن ﭘﻮدﻣﺎنﻫﺎی ﮐﺘﺎب، ﭘﻮدﻣﺎن «ﻧﻮآوری و ﺗﺠﺎریﺳﺎزی ﻣﺤﺼﻮل» ﺑﺎ 97 ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ (39/7 درﺻﺪ)، دارای ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ و ﭘﻮدﻣﺎنﻫﺎی «ﺑﺎزارﯾﺎﺑﯽ و ﻓﺮوش» و «اﯾﺠﺎد ﮐﺴﺐ و ﮐﺎر ﻧﻮآوراﻧﻪ» ﻫﺮ ﮐﺪام ﺑﺎ 18 ﻓﺮواﻧﯽ(7/4 درﺻﺪ)، دارای ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ ﺑﻮده اﻧﺪ. در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع در ﮐﺘﺎب درﺳﯽ «ﮐﺎرﮔﺎه ﻧﻮآوری و ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ»، ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﺘﻌﺎدل و ﻣﺘﻮازن ﺑﻪ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎی ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ ﻧﺸﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽﺷﻮد ﻣﺆﻟﻔﺎن ﮐﺘﺎبﻫﺎی درﺳﯽ رﺷﺘﻪ اﻣﻮر زراﻋﯽ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺟﺪیﺗﺮی ﺑﻪ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎی ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.

Content analysis of “innovation and entrepreneurship workshop” textbook taught at 11th grade, farming discipline, secondary school, from perspective of attention to components of entrepreneurship

The aim of this study was to evaluate the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Workshop textbook in terms of attention to the components of entrepreneurship. The research method was content analysis. The study population included, Innovation and Entrepreneurship Workshop textbooks eleventh grade Secondary secondary school in school year 2020 Considering the nature and logic of the research, the entire text of the book was examined as an example. Measurement tool, selfmade content analysis checklist Consisting of 13 Index was, the validity of the use of professional judgment (validity and content) determined using retest reliability 0.89 respectively. results using descriptive statistics were used in the process of Shannon entropy analysis. Based on research, Innovation and Entrepreneurship Workshop, textbooks eleventh grade Secondary secondary school 270 times concepts of entrepreneurship, focused The index distribution of its importance. In this book, the component of creativity and innovation with 90 frequencies (37%) has received more attention and the component of responsibility with 5 frequencies (2%) has received the least attention. In terms of coefficient of importance index, the component of success with a coefficient of importance of 0.138 had the highest coefficient of importance and the component of risktaking with a coefficient of significance of 0.027, had the lowest coefficient of importance.