ارزیابی رابطه ویژگی‌های فردی و شخصیتی با رفتار کارآفرینانۀ زنان عضو تعاونی‌های روستایی مازندران

ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻫﺎی ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ زﻧﺎن ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﯽ در رﺷﺪ و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ دارد. رﻓﺘﺎر ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﺎﻧﻪ از ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻣﺒﺤﺚ ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺘﻌﺪدی ﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ دارد. وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎی ﻓﺮدی و ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺘﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ از ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻬﻢ ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪه رﻓﺘﺎر ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﺎﻧﻪ زﻧﺎن ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﮔﺮدﻧﺪ. در اﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ راﺑﻄﻪ اﺑﻌﺎد ﻓﺮدی و ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺘﯽ زﻧﺎن ﻋﻀﻮ ﺗﻌﺎوﻧﯽﻫﺎی روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ رﻓﺘﺎر ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﺎﻧﮥ آنﻫﺎ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﺎزﻧﺪران اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎری در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ را 1396ﻧﻔﺮ ﻋﻀﻮ 11ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﺗﻌﺎوﻧﯽ ﻓﻌﺎل روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ زﻧﺎن ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ داد هاﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ 302ﻧﻔﺮ از آن ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺟﺪول ﮐﺮﺟﺴﯽ - ﻣﻮرﮔﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ اﺑﺰار اﺻﻠﯽ ﺳﻨﺠﺶ در ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎی ﻓﺮدی ﺑﺎ 8ﺳﻮال، وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎی ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ 14ﺳﻮال و رﻓﺘﺎر ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﺎﻧﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ 30ﺳﻮ ال ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. رواﯾﯽ آن ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﻈﺮات اﺳﺎﺗﯿﺪ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ آن ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﮥ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺿﺮﯾﺐ آﻟﻔﺎی ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ، وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎی ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺑﻌﺎد رﻓﺘﺎر ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﺎﻧﻪ در ﺳﻄﺢ 99درﺻﺪ اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن راﺑﻄﮥ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﻌﻨﯽداری دارد. از ﻃﺮﻓﯽ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ آﯾﻨﺪهﻧﮕﺮی، ﺧﻼﻗﯿﺖ، ﻣﯿﺰان ﻋﻼﻗﻪﻣﻨﺪی ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮداﺷﺘﻐﺎﻟﯽ از وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎی ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺘﯽ ﻗﻮیﺗﺮﯾﻦ راﺑﻄﮥ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار را ﺑﺎ رﻓﺘﺎر ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﺎﻧﻪ زﻧﺎن ﻋﻀﻮ ﺗﻌﺎوﻧﯽﻫﺎی روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ داﺷﺘﻪاﻧﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد، ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ درآﻣﺪ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎﻧﻪ (0 /005= pو 0 /378=r)ﺑﺎ رﻓﺘﺎر ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﺎﻧﻪ زﻧﺎن ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ در ﺳﻄﺢ 99 درﺻﺪ اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن راﺑﻄﮥ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﻌﻨﯽداری داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻬﺒﻮد و ارﺗﻘﺎء وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎی ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺘﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ زﻣﯿﻨﻪﺳﺎز اﯾﺠﺎد ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﻫﺎﯾﯽ در راﺳﺘﺎی ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺖ رﻓﺘﺎر ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﺎﻧﻪ زﻧﺎن و اﯾﺠﺎد اﺷﺘﻐﺎل در ﺗﻌﺎوﻧﯽﻫﺎ ﮔﺮدد.

Evaluating the relationship between personal and personality traits and entrepreneurial behavior of women members of rural cooperatives in Mazandaran

Women’s entrepreneurial activities play an important role in the economic growth and development of society. Entrepreneurial behavior is one of the most important topics in entrepreneurship that depends on several factors. Personal and personality traits can be considered as important predictors of women’s entrepreneurial behavior. In this regard, the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between personal and personality dimensions of women members of rural cooperatives with their entrepreneurial behavior in Mazandaran province. The statistical population in this study consists of 1396 members of 11 active rural women’s cooperatives, of which 302 were selected as a sample size based on the KrejcieMorgan table. The researchermade questionnaire was the main assessment tool in the present study, the validity was based on the opinions of university professors and its reliability was obtained by calculating the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Findings showed that personality traits have a positive and significant relationship with the dimensions of entrepreneurial behavior. In other words, personality traits had a strong and significant positive relationship with entrepreneurial behavior In the other hand, the findings indicated that foresight, creativity, and the level of selfemployment interest of personality traits had the strongest positive and significant relationship with the entrepreneurial behavior of women. The results also showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between the monthly income variable with the entrepreneurial behavior of women. Improving and promoting personality traits can be considered as a basis for creating opportunities to strengthen women’s entrepreneurial behavior and create employment in cooperatives.