Computation and modeling of the variability in electron concentration and refractive index for F2 layer at Pakistan region

The ionosphere is electrically conducting region of the upper atmosphere,plays an important role in the ionospheric region on electromagnetic waves of 3 mhz to 30 mhz transmitted from ground station to reach to a receiving station. the low-frequency is limited by signals reflected from ionosphere and other range of frequencies are refracted from ionosphere layers depending upon time,height,season,temporal variations due to solar radiations,sunspots and earth magnetic field variations. in this communication the f2 layer data recorded at suparco islamabad ionosphere station (siis) for the year 2005 has been used to compute useful ionosphere parameters in respect of ordinary critical frequency (3.04 to 8.29 mhz) at different altitudes of ionosphere with variation in ion composition of f2 layer. the geographic location of siis is latitude 33.75°n and longitude 72.87°e. the critical frequency and height recorded on hourly basis have been used to compute the ionosphere parameters such as electron concentration and refractive index. the temporal estimation of parametric variability is determined,for estimation and modeling purposes standard statistical techniques have been preferred for regression and autocorrelation according to suitability of data trend/pattern. the aspect of study is useful in predicting and forecasting for sky wave communication. the result derived from study is useful for public,governmental and private sector organizations dealing with the business of radio wave communication in the region of pakistan. © pakistan academy of sciences.