Genetical basis of cleft lip & palate: A review

Orofacial clefts,non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (cup) in particular are the mostly occurring craniofacial deformities,affecting one newborn in every 700 to 1000 newborns worldwide. the advancements in the recent past in the fields of genetics and molecular biology have revealed the basis of craniofacial development. often contradicted and indecisive results have been obtained by various genetic approaches and techniques such as genome-wide and candidate gene association studies as well as linkage analysis. these results reveal the heterogeneity of etiological factors among population and involvement of multiple genes in causative factors of cup. in the presences of all the problems there have been several genes which are associated with the occurrence of cl/p.