The risk factors for left ventricular hypertrophy in patients of stage IV chronic kidney disease

Background: cardiovascular risk in renal insufficiency is perceived as an important public health problem and preventing and curing cardiovascular complications in patients with renal dysfunction is considered a true priority. cardiovascularmortality rates in end stage renal disease (esrd) patients are high and have been estimatedto be between 100 and 1000 times as compared to normal population. cardiac failure and left ventricular hypertrophy (lvh) are key prognostic variables. lvh has a prevalence of approximately40% in patients with chronic renal insufficiency,a figure thatrises to approximately 75% by the onset of esrd. therefore this study was designed to identify the risk factors for lvh in our pre-dialysis population of patients. aim: to determine the frequency of individual risk factors contributing to left ventricular hypertrophy in patients of stage iv chronic kidney disease. study design: it was descriptive case series study. setting: department of nephrology,sheikh zayed hospital lahore,six months from september 2012 to february 2013. methods: ninety patients of chronic kidney disease (ckd) stage iv having lvh were included in this study. relevant data was entered in the specific predesigned proformas. results: out of ninety (90) patients included in this study,37 (41.1%) were males while 53 (58.9%) were females. results showed that 83 patients(92.2%) were anemic,17 (18.9%) had high calcium-phosphate product,56 (62.2%) had deranged lipid profile,26 (28.9%) had high crp level,68 (75.6%) were in volume overload state and 77 patients (85.5%) had systolic hypertension while diastolic hypertension was seen in 63 patients (70%). conclusion: majority of patients of ckd stage iv having lvh were anemic emphasizing the great contribution of anemia in changing morphology of left ventricle. © 2016,lahore medical and dental college. all rights reserved.