Effects of different tillage implements on the growth and yield of wheat in cotton-wheat zone of Pakistan

The current study was carried out to evaluate the effects of different tillage implements on growth and yield of wheat at farmer's field in district toba tek singh,punjab-pakistan during 2013-14 and 2014-15. randomize complete block design with five treatments and three replications was used in the study. the treatments t1: 1 cultivator,1 disc harrow and 1 planking (cdp); t2: 1 mouldboard plough,1 disc harrow and 1 planking (mdp); t3: 1 cultivator,1 rotavator and 1 planking (crp); t4: 1 mouldboard plough,1 rotavator and 1 planking (mrp); and t5: 2 cultivator and 1 planking (cp) were applied. maximum germination rate (276.2 nos.) was obtained,when t4 (mrp) was used,while minimum germination rate (255.5 nos.) was recorded when t5 (cp) was used. maximum grains per spikes (33.7 nos.) were recorded in t4 (mrp). tillage implement practiced in t4 (mrp) yielded 421.38 tillers per square meter which were significantly higher than all other tillage implements. similarly,t4 (mrp) showed higher grain yield (4439.7 kg/ha) as compared to other four tillage practices. the benefit cost ratio for t4 (mrp) is 3.41 which is higher than other tillage practices used in this research. the tillage practice of t4 (mrp) is recommended in cotton-wheat zone of pakistan after the harvesting of cotton.