مطالعه بهبود ساختاری کالبدی - فضایی و تاثیر آن در فضای روحی و روانی (آسایش) مردم کرمانشاه

نبود برنامه ریزی دقیق برای بهبود ساختار کالیدی – فضایی در شهرها؛ ناآرامش روان و کیفیت زندگی شهروندان را به همراه می آورد که امروزه دولت ها و برنامه ریزان شهری می کوشند درمقابل این ناهمگنی، زندگی را در مناطق شهری بهبود بخشند. هدف پژوهش حاضر مطالعه بهبود ساختاری کالبدی فضایی و تاثیر آن در فضای روحی و روانی مردم کرمانشاه است. برای جمع‌آوری پیشینه و مبانی نظری موضوع مورد مطالعه، از اسنادکتابخانه ای و مراجع اصیل مرتبط با موضوع موردپژوهش، استفاده شده است؛ همچنین به منظور سنجش افکار و نظرات کارشناسان پژوهش از روش پیمایشی به صورت پرسش نامه استفاده شده است. پس از مرحله نظرسنجی ها و ویرایش آن ها، نظرات مختلف دسته بندی و تجزیه و تحلیل شد. برای تحلیل داده های پژوهش از مدل ویکور فازی و تحلیل های رگرسیون خطّی، تحلیل مسیر استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که شاخص های تاثیر وسایل حمل ونقل عمومی به صورت شبانه روزی، تاثیر ساماندهی عناصر تبلیغات محیطی و شهری، تاثیر بهسازی، ساماندهی و زیباسازی چشم اندازهای عمومی و خواناسازی نقاط عطف بصری و نشانه های شهری بیشترین ضریب فازی را به خود اختصاص داده‌اند که نقش پررنگی در ارتقاء سلامت روحی و روانی مردم شهری این منطقه دارد؛ همچنین؛ یافته های تحلیل آماری و مدل تحلیل مسیر نشان می دهد که بین متغیّرهای مستقل (سن، جنس، تاهّل، تحصیلات، شغل، درآمد و مدّت سکونت) و متغیّر وابسته (احساس آرامش روحی و روانی) ارتباط مثبت و معنی داری وجود دارد. نتایج کلّی بیانگر آن است که تمامی شاخص‌ها رابطه معنی داری با یکدیگر دارند، ولی در شاخص مدّت سکونت و سن و ارتباط آن با آرامش روحی و روانی رابطه معنی دار وجود ندارد.

Studying the StructuralPhysicalSpatial Improvement and its Impact on the Psychological Environment (Comfort) of the People in Kermanshah

The lack of precise planning to improve the physicalspatial structure of cities brings a lack of relaxation and quality of life for citizens as governments and urban planners today seek to improve living in urban areas against this heterogeneity .The present study investigates the physicalspatial structural improvement and its impact on the mental and psychological environment of Kermanshah people. Library document and original references related to the subject under study were used to gather background and theoretical background of the study subject. Besides, a survey questionnaire was used to assess the attitudes and opinions of research experts. After the opinion polls were edited, various opinions were categorized and analyzed. Fuzzy Vikor model and linear regression analysis path analysis were used to analyze the research data. The results show that the indicators of impact of public transport circuits, the effect of organizing environmental and urban publicity elements, the effect of refining, organizing and beautifying public landscapes, and the readability of visual milestones and urban signs are the fuzziest coefficients. They have a strong role in promoting the mental and psychological health of urban people in the area. Moreover, the findings of statistical analysis and path analysis model show that there is a positive and significant relationship between independent variables (age, sex, marital status, education, occupation, income, length of residence) and dependent variable (feeling of peace of mind). The overall results indicated that there was a significant relationship among the indicators, but there was no significant relationship between the duration of residence, in one hand, and age and mental and psychological wellbeing, on the other hand.Extended Abstract1IntroductionThe increasing expansion of cities has led to rapid development measures, and as a result of these rapid actions, cities are inevitably undergoing changes. One of the most important changes in the physicalspatial structure of cities is the lack of understanding and understanding of the physicalspatial structure of cities and their inability to maintain, revive, and organize. Therefore, the awareness and mastery of urban planners and policymakers on the past and present structure of cities, necessitates the physical and spatial organization of cities. It is communication and they have an interactive effect. In particular, the physicalspatial structure has a greater impact on people’s spirit.Evaluating the study of physicalspatial structure improvement and its effect on Kermanshah people’s mental space, the present study tries to emphasize the necessity of applying physicalspatial structural improvement in Kermanshah people’s mental space process. In this sense, the key components of physicalspatial structure are identified first and then the role of these factors in the realization and implementation of Kermanshah people’s psychological environment is evaluated and analyzed. Therefore, urban planners can apply a new approach to create a space that is compatible with the psyche of the people, avoiding traditional attitudes. In recent years, the turbulence of the physicalspatial and urban spatial structure has caused insecurity and deprivation of the people’s spirit. Given this, many scholars, planners and researchers have focused on it explaining its importance and importance.2Materials and MethodsAccording to the main purpose of the research, data collection was done in two ways: 1. library method (articles, journals, journals, internet, etc.), in which the necessary information on physicalspatial structure and people’s comfort were identified. 2. Survey Method: To obtain quantitative research information, a questionnaire was designed based on extracted indices (aesthetic, functional, environmental). Experts in this field confirmed the validity of the researchermade questionnaire; its reliability was obtained by Cronbach’s alpha, with a reliability of 0.88. The population of the study is urban experts (municipality, beautification department, etc.) who were selected randomly using Delphi technique. Fuzzy Vicker test, statistical analysis (linear regression, Pearson correlation) step by step were applied to analyze the data. First, through a library study, theories were collected, then a questionnaire (Likert spectrum) was used to determine the status of the physicalspatial structure, with a view to identify the characteristics of the study area and expert opinion. The comfort of Kermanshah citizens was provided. Having collected the information about research variables, the questionnaires were completed by specialists in the study area in SPSS software. The correlation coefficients and rankings of each variable in relation to physicalspatial structure were analyzed. Path analysis was used to finalize the indices. The research indicators were identified and analyzed using the theoretical foundations of the research in the form of three indices and 34 subindices.3Results and DiscussionCreating mental and social peace in society has many dimensions, including the essence of human existence and culture. In order to have a mental relaxation in the city, one has to consider different aspects, including the physicalspatial structure of the city, urban furniture, green space, architecture of houses, etc., all of which are interdependent. Besides, each one will help each other, which is why city planners and managers need to plan to create a comfortable physicalspatial structure in the city providing the mental and psychological peace of the citizens. According to the statistical tests and multivariate models used in the present study, it is revealed that there is a significant relationship between the improvement of spatial physical structure and the psychological (functional, aesthetic, and environmental) components, such that the more attention is paid to the physical structure of space, the greater the mental peace of the people in the city. The current situation shows that the improvement of the spatial physical structure and its impact on the spirit of the citizens are in a favorable position in most of the indicators. In the present study, it is necessary to note that the necessary framework for the acceptance of appropriate physical structure according to the mental and psychological comfort of the people in our country, especially in Kermanshah, is not provided, and in this regard, the failure of economic and social infrastructure of urban planning. The disparities in the urban planning and urban management system of the country, the weaknesses of local government foundations and the areas of participatory, and ultimately the weaknesses in urban planning and management. These results can be expressed as components in a holistic and hierarchical way in the present study including the areas that express the challenges of physicalspatial structure in Kermanshah. In order to institutionalize the physicalspatial structure appropriate to the mental and psychological wellbeing of the citizens, the necessary background must be provided in order to be efficient and sustainable in keeping with the physicalspatial structure of the world.4ConclusionThe results show that the indicators of the impact of public transport circulation, the effect of organizing environmental and urban advertising elements, the effect of improving, organizing and beautifying public landscapes, and reading the visual milestones and urban signs are the fuzziest coefficient which has a significant role in promoting the mental and mental health of the urban population in the area. Moreover, the findings of statistical analysis and path analysis model show that there is a positive and significant relationship between independent variables (age, sex, marital status, education, occupation, income, length of stay) and dependent variable (feeling of peace of mind). The overall results indicated that there was a significant relationship among the indicators.