GNSS-R delay-doppler map simulation based on the 2004 sumatra-andaman tsunami event

A new method for simulating global navigation satellite system-reflectometry (gnss-r) delay-doppler maps (ddms) of a tsunami-dominant sea surface is presented. in this method,the bistatic scattering z-v model,the sea surface mean square slope model of cox and munk,and the tsunami-induced wind perturbation model are employed. the feasibility of the cox and munk model under a tsunami scenario is examined by comparing the cox and munk model based scattering coefficient with the jason-1 measurement. a good consistency between these two results is obtained with a correlation coefficient of 0.93. after confirming the applicability of the cox and munk model for a tsunami-dominated sea,this study provides the simulations of the scattering coefficient distribution and the corresponding ddms of a fixed region of interest before and during the tsunami. in the final analysis,by subtracting the simulation results that are free of tsunami from those with presence of tsunami,the tsunami-induced variations in scattering coefficients and ddms can be clearly observed. as a result,the tsunami passage can be readily interpreted. © 2016 qingyun yan and weimin huang.