Study on heat island effect induced by land use change increased temperature in metropolitan Jakarta

The heat island (hi) effect in metropolitan jakarta was studied using air temperature measurements at 9 meteorological stations in jakarta,tanjung priok,serang,halim,cengkareng,pondok betung,curug,bogor,citeko during 1986-2008 and serpong during 2008-2011 and 2013; land use for forest,industry,water,settlement,open/cleared land in 1997,2004,2009,2012; and total number of industries and total number of vehicles during 1986-2011. harmonic analysis was used to remove the seasonal component from the temperature time series data,which was filtered with the 30-day moving average technique to capture trends whose significance was tested with the mann- kendall method. the results show that industry was a major factor in land use change over jakarta with an increasing growth/year of 502 ha (9.76%) concentrated in the eastern part of jakarta from 1997 to 2012. industry had a spatial cover change similar to deforestation and open/cleared land expansion,especially in jakarta from 2009 to 2012: 38.8%/year (industry),8.3%/year (deforestation),and 13.8%/year (open/cleared land). the hi effect increased the temperature trend rate/year in jakarta,tanjung priok,serang,halim,pondok betung,cengkareng,curug,and bogor about 0.051°c,0.021°c,0.018°c,0.012°c,0.006°c,0.006°c,0.005°c,and 0.004°c from 1986 to 2008,respectively,equivalent to average warming in the city,suburban,and mountainous areas of around 2.5°c,0.6°c,and 0.4°c,respectively within 100 years from 2009. © 2015,published by itb journal publisher.