FREQUENCY OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN TYPE-2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Background: metabolic syndrome (mets) is a cluster of coronary risk factors such as diabetes and pre-diabetes,abdominal obesity,high triglyceride (tg),low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (hdl-c) levels and high blood pressure (bp). it is estimated that around a quarter of the world's adult population have mets and they are twice as likely to die from it and three times as likely to have a coronary event or stroke compared with people without the syndrome.methods: this observational descriptive study was conducted at the department of general medicine,federal government polyclinic islamabad. all type-2 diabetics presenting in the outpatient and inpatient department during 11 months between the ages of 30-80 were enrolled. they were interviewed; blood pressure,waist circumference,fasting blood glucose,and lipid profiles were checked.results: of the 300 patients 165 (55%) were females and 135 (45%) were males with mean age 52.47 ± 11.24 years. the mean duration of diabetes mellitus was 7.38 ± 3.85 years. metabolic syndrome was present in 83% of the study population,129 (43%) were male and 171 (57%) were female. the p-value was statistically significant on comparing the presence of the metabolic syndrome with waist circumference,serum triglyceride levels,and blood pressure as it was < 0.05. the most commonly occurring finding was a decreased hdl-cholesterol in both genders.conclusions: the mets was present in 83% of the diabetic population,mostly in females with decreased hdl-cholesterol being the most common in both genders.