سیمای قهرمانان ایل بویراحمدی در سروده‌های حماسی بویراحمدی

در سروده‏های حماسی بویراحمدی، علاوه بر ستایش قهرمانان قومی، الگوهای قهرمانی به ابزارهای جنگی آنان، رجزخوانی قهرمان و... به شیوۀ حماسی اشاره ‌شده است. در این پژوهش، به بررسی و تحلیل سیمای قهرمانان قومی بویراحمدی در سروده‏های حماسی بویراحمدی می‏پردازیم. همچنین برآنیم تا پیشینۀ برخی از بن‏مایه‏های حماسی و جنبه‏های اساطیری آن‌ها را نیز تحلیل و بررسی کنیم. این پژوهش به‌شکل بنیادی، برپایۀ مطالعات کتابخانه‏ای میدانی و به‌روش تحلیل محتوای کیفی انجام ‌شده است. پس از بررسی و تحلیل سروده‏های حماسی بویراحمدی می‌توان گفت مردم بویراحمدی برای حفظ روحیۀ جنگاوری و قهرمانی، به ستایش قهرمانان قومی خود ازجمله کی‏لهراسب، میرغلام‏شاه قاسمی، عبدالله‏خان ضرغام‏پور، خان‏قزی و... پرداخته‏ که در نبردها از خود رشادت‏ها نشان داده‏اند. در اشعار عامیانه بیشتر به رجزخوانی، سلاح‏های قهرمان و الگوهای قهرمانی و در سوگ‏چکامه‏های بویراحمدی به توصیف نبردها، شخصیت آنان و سوگواری برای آنان پرداخته ‌شده است که نمونه‏های مشابهی با شاهنامه دارند.    

the image of boyer-ahmad's tribe heroes in the epic hymns of boyer-ahmad

objectives, questions, and hypotheses the aim of this study is to study and analyze the image of boyer-ahmad’s ethnic heroes based on boyer-ahmad’s epic hymns. the importance of such researches is that through them, one can understand many traditions, beliefs, values ​​and the do’s and don’ts of the owners of these poems. epics as well as epic poems are very important and valuable in various aspects such as literature, preservation of national identity, transmission of values ​​and patriotic themes to other generations, and addressing them in the field of literary research is also essential. it is based on this approach that this issue has been investigated in this research. result and discussionone of the themes and manifestations of epic poems is the praise of national heroes who are accepted by all people by doing extraordinary deeds and capable warrior. in shahnameh, rostam is an example of an iranian national hero and has always been respected. according to this tradition, the people of boyer-ahmad also praise the heroes in folk epic poems, who have led and guided them in various events, including wars. the heroes of these people were mostly capable warriors who showed their bravery in battles.among boyer ahmad ethnic heroes, we can mention ki lohrasb batoli, mir gholam, bibi khan qazi, mullah gholam hossein siahpour, abdullah khan zarghampour and naser khan taheri (akbari, 1991). the most famous one is ki lohrasb and the most famous female warrior is bibi khan qazi (bibi maryam plays the same role in bakhtiari tribe). these heroes in folk poems and boyer-ahmad mourning odes, by unknown poets, have also been introduced and described (shahbazi, 2019; siahpour, 2005) and have a special place among the people of boyer-ahmad. boyer-ahmad’s women usually choose the names of these ethnic heroes for their children, in order to preserve the memory and bravery of these heroes and transfer them to other generations (codes 9, 5, 3). a point that bahman beigi (1989) has also emphasized. before the battle, all boyer-ahmad’s ethnic heroes boasted about breaking the spirit of the other side and put a lot of emphasis on their race. all of them fight against the pahlavi regime (reza shah) and do not accept his policies towards tribes (hosseini, 2002). usually in folk epic poems and especially the mourning of boyer-ahmad’s odes, boyer-ahmad’s heroes are compared to lions. the reason for these similes is the transfer of the predatory spirit and the victory of this animal to the warriors. on the other hand, the main cause of such similes is the existence of mountain environments that make them hardworking, tolerant and strong people. their most important weapons are mace, bow, mace with six prongs and shotguns.conclusionafter studying the subject of boyer-ahmad’s ethnic heroes in their folk epic poems, many of the epic manifestations of the past can be seen in praising ethnic heroes, their weapons, including bows, maces and mace with six prongs, provocation of warriors and exaggerate in their description and the battles. one of the most important ethnic heroes of boyer-ahmad is ki lohrasb, the description of whom many folk epic poems have written included mullah gholam hossein siahpour, abdullah khan zarghampour, mir gholam shah ghasemi, vali khan, ali khan and his wife bibi khan ghazi and nasser khan taheri are other ethnic heroes of boyer ahmad who all participated in various battles, they have played a significant role against reza shah’s policies against the boyer-ahmad tribes. they have both fought and led the people. most of these heroes, in order to provoke the people and their legitimacy and acceptance, boast before and during the battle and mention to their race, tribe and lineage. for this reason, lohrasb, ali khan and vali khan have the title of ki, a title that is specific to the iranian kiani kings. their most important weapons are maces, bows and mace with six prongs, which show that they were the first weapons of their ancient to fight, and their background can be seen in avesta and shahnameh. the use of the shouting war song as well as the shahnameh reading ceremony was the most important factor in inciting the warriors to war, and in addition to field data, this has been confirmed based on library reports; as we see in the time of reza shah and the boyer ahmad tribes.