vitamin d status in covid-19 patients versus non-covid-19 individuals and its association with the severity of infection

Background: the recent severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) has resulted in millions of confirmed cases of infection and death. vitamin d modulates the adaptive and innate immune systems; therefore, vitamin d deficiency may be related to the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19). methods: this study was performed on 122 covid-19 patients and 122 non-covid-19 individuals to determine the possible relationship between vitamin d deficiency and covid-19 severity. besides, the relationship between vitamin d status and the severity of disease was investigated in 49 patients without an underlying disease. the covid-19 severity was defined based on o2 saturation, respiratory rate, and pulmonary involvement. also, vitamin d status was defined as follows: vitamin d deficiency (< 30 ng/ml) and vitamin d sufficiency (≥ 30 ng/ml). results: the mean age of 122 covid-19 patients, including 71 (58.2%) male patients and 51 (41.8%) women patients, was 59±16 years in this study, while the mean age of the controls, including 61 male participants and 61 female participants, was 48 ± 13 years (p < 0.05). the mean vitamin d level was 34.14±1 ng/ml in the patients and 32.94±1 ng/ml in the controls (p = 0.872). however, there was no significant correlation in none of all the 122 patients and 49 patients without an underlying disease (p = 0.074, p = 0.261). conclusions: based on the present findings, the correlation between vitamin d status and covid-19 severity was not significant neither in 122 patients, and nor in 49 patients without an underlying disease.