Tumefactive Brain Lesions in Patients With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder

Background: neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (nmosd) is an autoimmune neurological disorder that is characterized by optic neuritis and longitudinally-extended transverse myelitis lesions in spinal segments. magnetic resonance imaging (mri) findings are part of the diagnostic process in nmosd patients, and abnormal lesion patterns may cause deviation from a correct diagnosis. clinical presentation and intervention: a 43-year-old female patient with abrupt cognitive loss, motor dysfunction and tumefactive spread of the demyelinating lesions in her brain presented to the neurology clinic of kashani hospital. anti aquaporine 4(aqp-4) antibody was observed, and the patient responded well to the nmosd treatment. conclusion: nmosd can be considered a differential diagnosis during an episode of fulminant demyelinating disorder (fdd) with the tumefactive spread of the lesions