clinicoepidemiological study of poisoning in a tertiary care hospital in bangladesh

Objective: the scale of the problem of poisoning is enormous hence clinico epidemiological spectrum of all poisoning cases need to explore to generate the management tool. methods: this prospective study was done at two medicine units (unit 5 and 10) of dhaka medical college hospital from july to december 2010 where all poisoning cases were seen. a total of 2890 patients were admitted out of which 600 were taken into the study. results: among the poisoning cases 29% were pesticide, 27% travel related poisoning, and 20% benzodiazepine. 70% of poisoning occurred below 30 years of age and male: female ratio was 3:2. incidence of poisoning was highest among students (31%) and housewives (25%). majority of the patients were from urban area (76%) and most common intention was suicidal (66%). familial disharmony was the prime cause (63%) behind poisoning. 42% cases got admitted between 5-8 hours of poisoning and more than 80% patients were admitted in the hospital directly without getting any first aid anywhere. sixty-eight percent had glasgow coma scale (gcs) score above 10 during admission. cardinal clinical features of poisoning were nausea/vomiting (63%), drowsiness (56%), miosis (31%). seventy percent patients were treated with only general and supportive treatment and specific antidotes were used in 30% cases. case fatality for pesticide, benzodiazepine/anti-psychotic, rodenticide and snake bite was 6.9%, 2.2%, 8.3% and 3.3% respectively. conclusion: to assess the magnitude of problem, awareness of the public for prevention, immediate first aid measures and quick hospital admission is crucial component of poisoning.