The Effect of Prophylactic Administration of Ketorolac Ophthalmic Suspension on Prevention of Surgically Induced Miosis in Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery

Background: cataract extraction surgery remains the most commonly performed eye surgery by ophthalmologists. the maintenance of mydriasis is required throughout surgery to allow better visualization of the surgical field and a greater working space within the center of the eye. nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents (nsaids) have their effect in maintaining mydriasis by their ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis.methods:this was a prospective, randomized clinical trial study in 84 patients undergoing phacoemulsification cataract surgery. patients were randomized to ketorolac tromethamine 0.5% (n=42) or the control group (n=42). patients in the ketorolac group received one drop of ketorolac every 15 min for a total of 4 drops from one hour before surgery. the horizontal diameters of the pupil were measured in millimeters with a caliper under the microscope at the following stages: before surgery, after intracameral epinephrine injection, after nuclear emulsification and at the end of surgery.results: the difference in pupillary diameter at the end of surgery was statistically significant between two groups (7.34 ± 1.0 mm and 8.01 ±0.67 mm in the control and the ketorolac groups, respectively; p=0.018). the difference in mean pupil size after intracameral epinephrine injection and after nuclear emulsification between the control group (0.51 ± 0.25 mm) and the ketorolac group (0.01 ± 0.20 mm) was statistically significant (p <0.001). moreover, the difference in mean pupil size after intracameral epinephrine injection and at the end of surgery between the control group (0.79 ± 0.44 mm) and the ketorolac group (0.19 ± 0.23 mm) was statistically significant (p <0.001). there was no difference in maintaining mydriasis between diabetic patients and nondiabetic patients.conclusion: topical ketorolac is an effective inhibitor of miosis during phacoemulsification cataract surgery, and provides a more stable mydriatic effect throughout the surgical procedure.