pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome in a 6.5-year-old boy: a case report

Background: “pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated withstreptococcal infections”, or pandas, is a syndrome characterized by acute-onsetobsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd) and/or tics accompanied by theneuropsychiatric symptoms. this case is reported because of its rarity.case report: a 6.5-year-old boy with swollen tonsils, high-grade fever and rashwas admitted to amirkola children‟s hospital, northern iran. thereafter he gotinvolved with tachycardia, hypotension, suppurative conjunctivitis and swelling ofextensor surfaces of extremities. in addition, after the onset of fever, he had someneuropsychiatric problems such as social isolation, irritability, aggression,oppositional behavior, behavioral regress, unusual sound production, repeatedvilifications, loss of appetite and handwriting deterioration. he was treated withintravenous immunoglobulin (ivig). the patient was discharged from the hospitalin a good condition.conclusions: the medical treatment of underlying disease leads to remarkablepatient's neuropsychological and ocd symptoms. pandas should be diagnosedin the streptococcal infections associated with abrupt behavioral symptoms andtreated with ivig and antibiotics.