covid‐19 pandemic: management and challenges

Background: coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) is an ongoing pandemic caused bysevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars‑cov‑2). the outbreak was firstidentified in wuhan, china, in december 2019.objectives: this review gives a bird’s-eye view of the covid-19 pandemic and its variouseffects on human society. since knowledge about this virus is rapidly evolving, readers areurged to update themselves regularly.methods: in this review, our searching was performed on international databases of embase,sciencedirect, scopus, pubmed, and web of science (isi) from october 2019 to june 2020.results: most patients infected with covid‑19 have mild symptoms. approximately 15%of patients have severe pneumonia, and about 5% acute distress syndrome or organ failure.in the absence of definitive treatment and vaccines, the most effective measure is to preventinfection, particularly in those at high risk of taking the severe form of the disease withadverse outcomes. pharmacotherapy is essentially supportive; the role of antiviral agents isyet to be established. the commonest drugs used in treating this viral disease are tocilizumab,remdesivir, favipiravir, and camostat mesilate. also, drugs related to malaria, aids, andebola, such as hydroxychloroquine, are widely used. based on physical examinations alone,it is impossible to comment with certainty in mild cases of the disease. accordingly, a widerange of methods is used for diagnosing and treating the disease. various variables in reducingthe severity of the epidemic and the effects of the virus require special management at thenational, regional, and global levels.conclusion: this review summarizes the latest findings in safety, management, and publicservices related to the covid-19 virus epidemic.