اثربخشی برنامه غنی‌سازی زناشویی هیجان‌مدار در بهبود فضیلت‌های زناشویی زوجین

امروزه، برنامه‌های غنی‌سازی ازدواج به‌عنوان یک مداخله پیشگیرانه برای ارتقاء رابطه زوجین کاربرد فراوانی پیدا کرده است. با وجود اینکه پژوهش‌ها نشان می‌دهند متغیر فضیلت‌های زناشویی متغیر تاثیرگذاری در رابطه زوجین هستند و اشتراک فراوانی با دیگر برون‌دادهای زناشویی نیز دارند، مطالعه این متغیر در برنامه‌های غنی‌سازی ازدواج و پژوهش‌ها نادیده گرفته شده‌اند. هدف این پژوهش، بررسی اثربخشی برنامه غنی‌سازی هیجان‌مدار در بهبود فضیلت‌های زناشویی زوجین بود. براساس روش پژوهش تک‌موردی سه زوج به روش نمونه‌گیری دردسترس از بین زوجین شهرستان ایذه انتخاب شدند. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌های پژوهش از پروفایل فضیلت‌های زناشویی استفاده شد. در این پژوهش از طرح آزمایشی تک‌موردی از نوع خط پایه چندگانه هم‌زمان استفاده شد و آزمودنی‌ها قبل از اجرای برنامه غنی‌سازی (2 نوبت)، میانه اجرای برنامه (3 نوبت) و در 2 نوبت پیگیری 30 روز و 40 روز به پروفایل فضیلت‌های زناشویی پاسخ دادند. داده‌ها به روش ترسیم دیداری، درصد بهبودی و شاخص تغییر پایا تحلیل شدند. نتایج بیان‌کنندۀ موفقیت برنامه غنی‌سازی هیجان‌مدار در بهبود فضیلت‌های زناشویی تحسین برای شرکت‌کنندگان مرد شماره 1، شرکت‌کنندگان زن شماره 1 و 2، درک‌کردن برای هر سه شرکت‌کننده مرد و شرکت‌کنندگان زن شماره 2 و 3، فداکاری برای هر سه شرکت‌کننده مرد و برای شرکت‌کنندگان زن شماره 1 و 2، انصاف برای هر سه شرکت‌کننده زن و گذشت برای شرکت‌کنندگان مرد شماره 1 و 3 و هر سه شرکت‌کننده زن بود؛ درنتیجه، به نظر می‌رسد برنامه غنی‌سازی ازدواج هیجان‌مدار در بهبود فضیلت‌های زناشویی زوجین موثر است.

the effictiveness of emotional-focused marital enrichment programs on marital virtues enhancement in couples

nowadays, marital enrichment programs are extensively applied as a preventive intervention to enhance the relationship between couples. while past studies have indicated that marital virtues are an effective factor in the relationship between couples and has a lot in common with other marital outcomes, they have been neglected in marital enrichment programs and studies. the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of emotional- focused marital enrichment program on marital virtues enhancement in couples. based on the single-case research method, three couples were selected from the couples in izeh, iran by using available sampling method. to collect research data, the marital virtues profile was used. in doing so, the single-case experimental of simultaneous multiple baselines was applied and the participants answered to the marital virtue profile before (2 sessions), during (3 sessions), and during two follow-up sessions in 30 and 40 days. the data were analyzed via visual, improvement percentage, and reliable change index. the results indicated that the emotion-focused enrichment program positively improved marital virtues of admiration (male participants 1, female 1 and 2), understanding (all three male participants and female participants 2 and 3), sacrifice (all three male participants and female 1 and 2), justice (all three female participants) and forgiveness (male participants 1 and 3 and all three female participants). consequently, it seems that the emotion-oriented marriage enrichment program can effectively contribute to the marital virtues of couples. introductionthe function and structure of marriage is based on marital virtues such as honesty and forgiveness (fowers, 2000; mosavi, 2020). these marital virtues significantly affect the quality of marriage (hawkins et al., 2007). one of the effective programs in marriage enrichment is the emotion-focused marriage enrichment program (khojasteh mehr et al., 2021) which aims to help couples identify each other’s emotional needs and attachment concerns and build a secure bond (foroughi et al., 2017). the key tenets of this program overlap with marital virtues (shirmardi, 2020). on the other hand, many studies have been conducted on the effectiveness of marriage enrichment programs on marital outcomes, but they have neglected to evaluate the effectiveness of enrichment programs on marital virtues (fawcett et al., 2013; hawkins et al., 2007). hence, the main objective of this study was to understand whether the emotion-focused marriage enrichment program could improve marital virtues (its subscales). methodthe present study employed a single-case experimental design. the statistical population of this study included the couples in izeh, iran in the year 2019-2020, who referred to the counseling centers and invitations that were posted in public places. three couples who volunteered to participate in the study were selected via purposeful and accessible sampling. the criteria for entering the research included having at least a diploma certificate, having at least one child, having lived together for at least three years, not deciding to divorce, and having marital satisfaction as one standard deviation lower than the mean on the relationship evaluation scale. marital virtues profile (a= 0.89) was the data collection tool of this research study. the mean and standard deviation of the age of the participants were 35.66 and 6.74, respectively. the data were analyzed by visual drawing, improvement percentage, and reliable change index. resultsmarital virtues scores of all six participants during three stages are shown in table 1.  table 1the process of changing total scores of marital virtues profile in the stages of baseline, intervention and follow-up of marriage enrichment program (men and women) stepsfirst couplesecond couplethird couplefemalemalefemalemalefemalemalethe first baselinethe second baselinemean baseline stagethe first interventionthe second interventionthe third interventionmean intervention stagereliable change index (intervention)improvement percentage after interventionoverall percentage improvement after interventionfollow up 1follow up 2mean follow-up stagereliable change index (tracking)improvement percentage after follow-upoverall percentage improvement after follow-up45494758687165.673.5839.72 39.35 575857.52.0122.34 48.1630483951575955.673.1942.74 39.35 566158.53.6448.71 48.16323433445761544.0363.63 39.35 6367656.1496.96 48.16404743484869552.3027.90 39.35 686566.54.5154.64 48.16375244.555626761.333.2337.82 39.35 6167643.7443.82 48.16535855.5617274692.5924.32 39.35 7363682.3922.52 48.16  figure 1 shows that the total score of marital virtues of all three male participants increased in the intervention phase. although there was a decrease in the follow-up stage of men in second and third couple, it increased as compared to the baseline stage. based on the double conservative criterion (abbaspour, 2014) and the fact that all data points of the drawing are above the prediction line between the level and the trend of changes, the resulting change in these three male participants was significant. moreover, the value of the reliable change index obtained for men in the intervention and follow-up phases was significant (p <0.05). also, the percentages of improvement in the intervention stage for man 1, man 2, and man 3 were 42.74, 27.90, and 24.32, respectively. the indices were 48.71, 54.64, and 22.52, respectively after follow-up. therefore, it can be said that the changes of all 3 male participants are clinically significant.  figure 1the process of changing scores of marital virtues profile in the stages of baseline, intervention and follow-up of marriage enrichment program (men)         figure 2the process of changing total scores of marital virtues profile in  the stages of baseline, intervention and follow-up of marriage enrichment program (women)    figure 2 shows that the total scores and the level of marital virtues scores of all three female participants increased in the intervention and follow-up phase as compared to the baseline phase. also, based on the double conservative criterion (abbaspour, 2013) and the fact that all the data points of the drawing are above the predicted line between the level and the trend of changes in all three female participants, the change in these three female participants was meaningful. additionally, the value of reliable change index obtained after intervention and follow-up is significant for women (p <0.05). likewise, the percentages of improvement in the intervention stage for female 1,