اثربخشی بهزیستی‌درمانی بر اضطراب کرونا و سلامت روانشناختی در سالمندان بهبودیافته از کرونا

پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر بهزیستی‌درمانی بر اضطراب کرونا و سلامت روانشناختی سالمندان بهبودیافته از کرونا انجام شد. این مطالعه نیمه‌تجربی با طرح پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و پیگیری با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه پژوهش، سالمندان مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز و درمانگاههای خدمات بهداشتی شهر ایلام در فصل تابستان سال 1399 بودند. نمونه پژوهش 50 نفر بودند که پس از بررسی ملاک‌های ورود به مطالعه با روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند، انتخاب و با روش تصادفی در دو گروه مساوی جایگزین شدند. ابزار پژوهش، مقیاس‌های اضطراب کرونا و سلامت روانشناختی بودند. گروه آزمایش 10 جلسه 90 دقیقه‌ای درمان مبتنی بر بهزیستی‌درمانی دریافت کرد و گروه کنترل در لیست انتظار برای آموزش قرار گرفت. داده‌ها با روش تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌گیری‌های مکرر تحلیل شدند. یافته‌ها نشان دادند بهزیستی‌درمانی به ‌‌کاهش اضطراب کرونا و افزایش سلامت روانشناختی منجر‌ شد و‌ این ‌تاثیر ‌در‌ مرحلۀ ‌پیگیری نیز بر اضطراب کرونا و افزایش سلامت روانشناختی ‌‌تداوم داشت. با توجه به نتایج پژوهش حاضر، درمانگران و متخصصان سلامت می‌توانند از روش بهزیستی‌درمانی برای مداخله‌های مرتبط با سلامت، به‌ویژه برای کاهش اضطراب کرونا و بهبود سلامت روانشناختی در سالمندان استفاده کنند.

the effectiveness of welfare-therapy on coronavirus anxiety and mental health in elderly covid-19 survivors

this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of wellbeingbased therapy on coronavirus anxiety and mental health in elderly covid19 survivors. this quasiexperimental study was a pretest, posttest followup with a control group. the study population was all the elderly referred to health centers and clinics in ilam in the summer of 1399. the sample consisted of 50 people who were selected by the purposive sampling method after reviewing the inclusion criteria and were randomly replaced in two equal groups. the research instruments were corona anxiety scales and psychological health. the experimental group received ten sessions of 90minute wellbeingbased therapy, and the control group was placed on a waiting list for training. data were analyzed by repeated measure analysis. the results showed that wellbeing therapy led to reduced corona anxiety and increased psychological health, and this effect of the followup phase on corona anxiety and mental health persisted. according to the present study results, therapists and health professionals can use the welfare method for healthrelated interventions, especially to reduce corona anxiety and improve mental health in the elderly.older people make up a large and growing part of the world’s population. in the present century, sociohealth developments have led to an unprecedented shift in demographic characteristics and epidemiological studies (wahia et al., 2020). changes in the immune system of the elderly increase their risk of infection (klein budish, 2016). relatedly, coronary symptoms have more severe clinical manifestations in the elderly (murray et al., 2020) and are associated with higher mortality (wang et al., 2020). accordingly, the elderly is one of the main groups at risk for covid19. the present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of wellnessbased therapy on coronary anxiety and improved mental health of coronary arteries. methodthis was a quasiexperimental study with pretest and posttest design with the control group. the study population included all elderly patients with coronary heart disease in the summer, 2021 in ilam who had improved during the study and had no symptoms. referring to the centers and clinics of health services in ilam, the researcher attempted to identify the participants of the study. a total of 50 elderly individuals (32 female and 13 male) were selected from the patients after reviewing the inclusion criteria by purposive sampling method.  the participants were randomly assigned to groups of the experimental ( n = 25) and control (n = 25) groups. the inclusion criteria were (1) coronary artery disease and complete recovery from the disease in the last four months, (2) age over 65 years, (3) minimum education of 9th grade, and (4) the absence of stressful events such as the death of loved ones in the last three months. moreover, the exclusion criteria were: (1) use of psychiatric medication including antianxiety and antidepressants, (2) history of receiving wellbeing treatment, (3) absence of two sessions or more, and (4) withdrawal from cooperation. the experimental group received 10 sessions of 90 minutes in one of the health centers of ilam as a group based on welfare treatment and the control group was placed for training on the waiting list. the instruments included corona anxiety scales (alipour et al., 2020) and mental health (najarian davoodi, 2001). although the sampling was done in summer 2020, the intervention was done in september and october by a clinical specialist in compliance with health protocols and maintaining physical distance by a health psychologist with a certificate of welfare treatment. the group therapy was performed for 10 sessions (two sessions per week) in the comprehensive health services center no. 8 in ilam and both groups were performed first pretest and after the posttest intervention and after 45 days of followup using coronary anxiety and psychological health questionnaires. finally, a research intervention was performed for the control group after two weeks. according to the psychologists and physicians of ilam comprehensive health service center no. 8 and the followup of the researcher, there was no decline in the samples of any of the groups. ethical issues observed in this study included the informed consent of the participants, confidentiality, and intervention for the control group. data were entered into spss software version 21 by analysis of covariance with repeated measures at a significance level of less than 0.05.resultthe results of this study showed the effectiveness of wellnessbased therapy in improving coronary anxiety and mental health in the elderly. in other words, this treatment reduced coronary anxiety and increased their mental health. based on the findings, the difference between coronary anxiety scores and psychological health in the experimental group (welfare therapy) and the control group and in the time stage was significantly different (p <0.001). also, the interaction between time and group was significant (p <0.005). likewise, the interaction between time effect and group membership and the test was significant in both variables (p <0.005). in other words, the difference between the scores of the variables in the posttest and followup stages compared to the pretest stage in the whole sample was significant. there was also a significant difference between pretestposttest in the variables of coronary anxiety, psychological health, and the source of internal and external control (p <0.001). in other words, the effect of the intervention was confirmed. there was also a significant difference between pretestfollowup in coronary anxiety variable, psychological health (p <0.001). in other words, the stability of the intervention for the variables was confirmed. conclusionthe results showed that the first hypothesis of the study on the effectiveness of welfarebased therapy in reducing coronary anxiety in the elderly was confirmed. this finding was consistent with the findings of pirnia et al. (2020) and zarif golbar yazdi et al. (2012). in regards to the effectiveness of welfarebased therapy in reducing coronary anxiety in the elderly (pirnia et al., 2020), it can be said that the goal of welfarebased therapy is to increase psychological flexibility in people, including the elderly. psychological resilience is the ability to relate fully to the present as a conscious human being and to change or perpetuate behaviors to achieve goals commensurate with one’s values, which occurs through the main processes of wellbeingbased therapy as follows. this method teaches clients to take an active position in the world, shape their own life, and articulate a clear picture of the good life by increasing an individual’s psychological acceptance of mental experiences (thoughts and feelings) and reducing ineffective control practices. see the best in every situation and change their thoughts and behaviors based on them. these factors cause the elderly to feel more in control of their living environment and take an active position in the face of psychological difficulties in life and facing the pressures caused by illness and manage coronary heart disease more effectively. ethical consideration compliance with ethical guidelinesall ethical issues like informed consent and confidentiality of participants’ identifications were compiled based on ethical committee of azad university.authors’ contributionsall steps of the article are done by only the author of the article.conflict of interestthere is no conflict of interest for this study.fundingthis study was conducted with no financial support.acknowledgmentthe author thanked all participants in this research.