اثر القای خلق مثبت بر افزایش امید در بین دانشجویان

امید نقش کلیدی در اعمال و رفتار آدمی دارد، استعدادها را شکوفا می‌سازد، اعتماد به نفس را زیاد می‌کند و آینده را روشنی می‌بخشد. هدف این پژوهش، بررسی اثر القای خلق مثبت بر افزایش امید در بین دانشجویان دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا همدان بود. تعداد 45 دانشجو که نمره پایین‌تری در پرسشنامه امید کسب کرده بودند، به‌صورت تصادفی در سه گروه 15 نفره (دو گروه آزمایش خلق مثبت و تصویر سازی ذهنی و گواه) گمارده شدند. داده‌ها با استفاده از تحلیل کواریانس بررسی شدند. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان دادند روش القای خلق مثبت به شیوۀ تصویرسازی ذهنی و به شیوه خواندن جملات مثبت به‌طور معنی‌داری باعث افزایش میزان امید در دانشجویان می‌شود. با توجه به یافته‌های پژوهش، روش القای خلق مثبت (تصویر سازی ذهنی و جملات مثبت) در افزایش امید دانشجویان موثر است؛ درنتیجه، می‌توان از این روش در افزایش امید در بین دانشجویان بهره برد.

The effect of positive mood induction on increasing hope among students

Hope can play a crucial role in human behavior. It can help to develop talents, increase selfconfidence, and brighten the future. This study aimed to investigate the effect of positive mood induction on increasing hope among students of BuAli Sina University in Hamadan. Fortyfive students with lower scores on the Hope Questionnaire were randomly assigned to the experimental (positive mood and mental imagery) and control groups (N = 15). The data were analyzed using the analysis of covariance. The results showed that the method of inducing positive moods by mental imagery and by reading positive sentences significantly increased the level of hope in students. According to the research findings, inducing a positive mood can effectively increase students’ hope. As a result, it can be used to increase hope among students.Introduction*One of the most important factors in human success is life expectancy. Unless a human has hope for a desirable future, one cannot use the necessary perseverance to achieve the goal. Positive psychology is full of value and emphasizes happiness and positivity, strengthening one’s strengths and values. Positive psychology seeks to discover the potential of individuals and their growth potential. Positive psychological approaches and concepts such as hope are recommended to prevent mental health problems in students (Kotera et al., 2021). In general, research shows that hope is a component of mental health. Positive beliefs not only help people adjust to coping with stressful events but also helps them protect their health (Taylor et al., 2000). Nellon et al. (1993) showed that a positive mood has benefits that increase hope and lead to health and wellbeing. The first method widely used to induce a positive mood was invented by Volton (1968). In his method, subjects are asked to read sentences slowly and then repeat aloud a list of sentences such as &I feel really good& (Velten, 1968). Various studies have examined the factors that promote hope. However, examining the effectiveness of the positive mood induction method can fill part of the gap in this field. Therefore, the present study sought to find how hope can be increased by inducing a positive mood. MethodThe present study was conducted by quasiexperimental method with a pretest and posttest design and control group. The statistical population included all undergraduate students of Bu Ali Sina University in the academic year 201920 (N = 5580). Considering that in experimental studies, the minimum sample for each group of 15 people has been proposed (Cohen et al., 2000), in this study, 15 students were selected for each of the experimental and control groups. The hope questionnaire was used to assess the subjects’ hope levels. This questionnaire, which was developed by Snyder et al. (1991) to measure hope, has 12 items and is administered as a selfassessment. The range of options is based on an eightpoint scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 8 (strongly agree). The scores range between 8 and 64, and the lower score indicates a lower level of hope and vice versa. First, the experimental and control groups were tested (Snyder hope test). Then, in a private school, the first experimental group was taught mental imagery. The second experimental group was taught positive sentences in ten 90minute sessions over two and a half months. Positive Mental Imaging Method: This method assumes that mood and memory are related. In this way, in the state of depressed mood, the man remembers more negative memories, and in the state of happy mood, more pleasant memories (Bower, 1981).