psychosocial factors and their relationship with self-management in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a conceptual framework based on socio-cognitive theory

Background and aims: maintaining the health of diabetic people depends on the self-management of the disease. this study aimed to evaluate the relationship of distress, self-efficacy, perceived social support, and selfcare with self-management behaviors in the patients with type 2 diabetes. methods: the present analytical-descriptive study was conducted on 228 diabetic patients, during 2016-2017. most of the participants were male (60.6%) and the mean age of them was 51.95±15.04. the participants were selected based on a simple random sampling method after completing the consent form. the required data were collected through questionnaires of distress, selfefficacy, perceived social support, selfcare, and self-management. the data were statistically analyzed using spss software version 22.0. results: out of 228 participants, 77.3% were married and the highest frequency in terms of educational attainment was related to those with a high school diploma. the results indicated that the duration of affliction with diabetes was less than 10-15 years in 88.9% of the participants. pearson correlation test demonstrated that the total score of self-management had a significant relationship with the total scores of distress, perceived social support, self-efficacy, and selfcare (p<0.005). the results of regression analysis also indicated that distress, perceived social support, self-efficacy, and self-care had a predictive power of 0.43% for self-management. among these variables, the predictive powers of self-efficacy and self-care were statistically significant, and the prediction rate of self-efficacy was more than that of other ones (β =0.17). conclusion: the study findings showed that the researchers who want to perform interventions based on cognitivesocial theory should mainly focus on self-care and self-efficacy.