ارزیابی اثرات محیطی پرورش ماهی قزل‌آلای رنگین‌کمان oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum, 1792) در قفس‌های جنوب دریای خزر (ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻮردی؛ ﻗﻔﺲ ﻫﺎی ﭘﺮورش ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﮐﻼرآﺑﺎد)

ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آﺑﯽ در اﯾﺮان و ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﯿﺎز روزاﻓﺰون ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮاد ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ و ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ، ﭘﺮورش ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن در ﻗﻔﺲ از اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﯾﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦ ﺣﺎل، ﭘﺮورش در ﻗﻔﺲ ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻃﺮحﻫﺎی ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨﺪ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽﻫﺎی ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف از اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮات ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﭘﺮورش ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﻗﺰلآﻻی رﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﮐﻤﺎن oncorhynchus mykiss در ﻗﻔﺲ در ﺟﻨﻮب درﯾﺎی ﺧﺰر ﺑﻮد. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ اﺛﺮات ﭘﺮورش ﻣﺎﻫﯽ در ﻗﻔﺲ از روشﻫﺎی ﻣﺎﺗﺮﯾﺲ اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ، ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ ﺗﺨﺼﯿﺺ اﻧﺮژی ﭘﻮﯾﺎ و ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺮآورد ﻣﯿﺰان ﻓﺴﻔﺮ و ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﻗﻔﺲﻫﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ذﺧﯿﺮه ﺳﺎزی ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﻗﺰلآﻻی رﻧﮕﯿﻦﮐﻤﺎن در ﻗﻔﺲﻫﺎی ﺷﻨﺎور ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺮ در آبﻫﺎی ﺳﺎﺣﻠﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﮐﻼرآﺑﺎد، واﻗﻊ در ﺑﺨﺶ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﯽ درﯾﺎی ﺧﺰر اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮآورد ﻣﯿﺰان ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن و ﻓﺴﻔﺮ ﺧﺮوﺟﯽ ﻗﻔﺲﻫﺎی ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ و ﻏﻠﻈﺖ آن ﻫﺎ در ﻋﻤﻖ 25 ﻣﺘﺮی از ﺳﻄﺢ درﯾﺎ، ﺣﺪاﮐﺜﺮ ﻇﺮﻓﯿﺖ ﭘﺮورش ﻣﺎﻫﯽ در ﻗﻔﺲ ﺣﺪود 100 ﺗﻦ ﺑﯿﻮﻣﺎس ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪی ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ اﺛﺮات ﺑﺎ روش ﻟﺌﻮﭘﻠﺪ اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﭘﺮورش 100 ﺗﻦ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﻗﺰلآﻻی رﻧﮕﯿﻦﮐﻤﺎن در ﻗﻔﺲﻫﺎی درﯾﺎﯾﯽ دارای اﺛﺮات ﺗﺨﺮﯾﺒﯽ ﻧﺎﭼﯿﺰ و ﺿﻌﯿﻒ اﺳﺖ.

environmental impact assessment of rainbow troutoncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum, 1792) cage culturein southern part of caspian sea (case study: kelar abad city)

the reduction of water resources in iran and the increasing need for food and protein have increased the importance of fish farming in cages. however, cage culture, like other development projects, requires environmental assessments. the aim of this study was to evaluate the environmental effects of growing rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss culture in cages. in this research, in order to evaluate the effects of fish farming in cages, iranian matrix methods, dynamic energy budget theory, and estimation of phosphorus and nitrogen levels caused by cages were used. data analysis was performed using information related to the storage of rainbow trout in floating cages located in the southern part of the caspian sea. the results showed that according to estimating the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus output of the studied cages and their concentration at a depth of 25 meters sea level, the maximum fish farming capacity in the cage is about 100 tons of produced biomass. evaluation of the average effects using the iranian leopold method also showed that cultivation of 100 tons of rainbow trout in sea cages has insignificant and weak destructive effects.