prediction of extrusion pressure in vortex extrusion using a streamline approach

Vortex extrusion (ve) is a severe plastic deformation technique which is based on the synergies between high strain accumulation and high hydrostatic pressure. such a high amount of pressure places a mandate to seek the method for investigation of the load under processing conditions. for this, kinematically admissible velocity field and upper bound terms based on bezier formulation are developed in order to investigate relative pressure in the ve process. effects of reduction in area, relative length, twist angle, and friction factor in power dissipation terms are systematically analyzed. it is demonstrated that the increase in twist angle, area reduction and friction factor in the ve process increases the relative pressure, which the rates of these increase vary with twist angle. moreover, the effect of the relative length is different in various frictional conditions. results of conventional extrusion (ce) are in good agreement with those found by avitzur for the effect of slug length and friction factor on the relative extrusion stress.