آیا سوخت هیدروژنی، انرژی آینده جهان است؟

اﻣﺮوزه ﺟﻬﺎن ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل ﺑﺤﺮانﻫﺎی ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ اﻧﺮژی ﻓﺴﯿﻠﯽ در دﺳﺘﺮس، ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل ﮔﺬر از اﻧﺮژیﻫﺎی ﻣﻮﺟﻮد و روی آوردن ﺑﻪ اﻧﺮژیﻫﺎی ﺗﺠﺪﯾﺪﭘﺬﯾﺮ، ﻧﻮ و ﭘﺎک ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻫﯿﺪروژن ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮏ اﻧﺮژی ﺗﺠﺪﯾﺪﭘﺬﯾﺮ و ﻧﻮ ﺑﺮای ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻨﯽ ﺳﻮﺧﺖﻫﺎی ﻓﺴﯿﻠﯽ ﺗﻮﺟﻪﻫﺎ را ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺧﻮد ﺟﻠﺐ ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ و ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎی ﭘﯿﺸﺮان در اﯾﻦ ﺣﻮزه ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ژاﭘﻦ اوﻟﯿﻦ ﮐﺸﻮر ﻃﺮاﺣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪهی اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﻫﯿﺪروژﻧﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎی ﺧﻮد را از ﺳﺎل 2017 ﺑﯿﺎن ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ و ﺑﻨﺎ دارد ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎل 2050، ﻫﯿﺪروژن را ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ اﻧﺮژیﻫﺎی ﻓﻌﻠﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ. ﭘﺲ از آن ﭼﯿﻦ و ﮐﺮه ﺟﻨﻮﺑﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪاﻧﺪ. ﭼﯿﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ 33ﻣﯿﻠﯿﻮن ﺗﻦ ﻫﯿﺪروژن ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن اﺻﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ و از ﺳﺎل 2020اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﻫﯿﺪروژن را در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎی ﺧﻮد ﻟﺤﺎظ ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ و در ﺟﻬﺖ اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﻫﯿﺪروژﻧﯽ ﮔﺎم ﺑﺮﻣﯽدارد. ﮐﺮه ﺟﻨﻮﺑﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪﮔﺬاری 36ﻣﯿﻠﯿﺎردی در اﯾﻦ ﺣﻮزه ﻗﺼﺪ دارد ﺗﺎ 30ﺷﺮﮐﺖ و 500ﻫﺰار ﺷﻐﻞ در ﺣﻮزه ﻫﯿﺪروژن اﯾﺠﺎد ﮐﻨﺪ. اﺗﺤﺎدﯾﻪ اروﭘﺎ ﻧﯿﺰ در ﺳﺎل 2020، ﻫﯿﺪروژن را اﺑﺰاری ﺑﺮای رﺳﯿﺪن ﺑﻪ ﻫﺪف ﻋﺪم اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﮐﺮﺑﻦ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ و ﻗﺼﺪ دارد ﺗﺎ در ﺳﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎل 2050ﻫﯿﺪروژن را ﺟﺎﮔﺰﯾﻦ ﺳﻮﺧﺖﻫﺎی ﮐﻨﻮﻧﯽ ﺧﻮد ﮐﻨﺪ. ﮐﺎﻧﺎدا ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ 5درﺻﺪ از ﻫﯿﺪروژن ﺟﻬﺎن در ﻣﯿﺎن ده ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺮﺗﺮ ﻗﺮار دارد و آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻫﯿﺪروژن ﺑﻪ ﻗﯿﻤﺖ 2 دﻻر ﺑﺮ ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺳﻌﯽ در رﻗﺎﺑﺖ در اﯾﻦ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ دارد. در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ در ﻣﯿﺎن ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺗﺮی در ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻫﯿﺪروژن ﺳﺒﺰ وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد و ﻫﻤﻪ ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺧﻮد را ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻫﯿﺪروژ ن آﺑﯽ و ﺧﺎﮐﺴﺘﺮی آﻏﺎز ﮐﺮدهاﻧﺪ؛ اﻣﺎ ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎی آﺳﯿﺎﯾﯽ در اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻫﯿﺪروژن در زﻧﺪﮔﯽ روزﻣﺮه در ﺣﺎل ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﭘﯿﺸﺮان ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ.

is hydrogen fuel the future energy of the world?

today, the world is looking for environmental crises and the reduction of available fossil energy sources, looking for transitioning from existing energies and turning to renewable, new and clean energies. hydrogen as a renewable and new energy to replace fossil fuels draws attention towards has attracted this article introduces and compares the driving countries in this field. japan is the first country to design a hydrogen economy, which has expressed its plans since 2017, and aims to completely replace current energies with hydrogen by 2050. after china and south korea, they have been investigated. china is one of the main producers with the production of 33 million tons of hydrogen, and since 2020, it has included the importance of hydrogen in its plans and is taking steps towards a hydrogen economy. with an investment of 36 billion in this area, south korea plans to create 30 companies and 500,000 jobs in the field of hydrogen. in 2020, the european union introduced hydrogen as a tool to achieve the goal of zero carbon emissions and plans to replace hydrogen in three stages by 2050. canada is also among the top ten producers with the production of 5% of the world’s hydrogen, and america is also trying to compete in this arena by producing hydrogen at a price of $2 per kilogram. finally, there is no superiority among countries in the production of green hydrogen, and all countries have started their program based on the production of blue and gray hydrogen.