تحلیل مولفه‌های موثر بر مشارکت زنان در چرخه‌ی‌ مدیریت بحران شهر تهران

گروه های گوناگون جامعه می توانند نقش بسیار مهمی در مدیریت بحران ایفا کنند. کشورهایی آسیب پذیریِ کمتری خواهند داشت که قشر های مختلف مردم به صورت مستقیم در فعالیت های کاهش خطر شرکت کنند و هر کدام توانمندی های خود را برای درک و پاسخ به سوانح متفاوت به عرضه گذارند. بنابراین، با توجه به نقش مشارکت زنان در فرایند مدیریت بحران، شناسایی مولفه ها و تحلیل بر این امر می تواند زمینه ساز حضور موثر آنان گردد. شناخت این مولفه ها می تواند زمینه ساز تبدیل گروه از قشری آسیب پذیر به قشری توانمند، فعال و موثر باشد. از این رو، تحقیق به شیوه ی پیمایشی با تکمیل پرسش نامه به استخراج این عوامل پرداخته است. برای تکمیل داده ها از روش نمونه گیری تناسبی استفاده شد و داده ها با روش تحلیل عاملی بررسی گردید. با استفاده از این روش داده ها و متغیرها مورد نظر خلاصه شد و موثرترین عوامل در این مشارکت تعیین گردید. این عوامل شامل دانش مدیریت بحران، عوامل فرهنگی و جنستی، تقدیرگرایی، احساس قدرت و اعتماد به نفس بود که نتایج در این چهار بعد با استفاده از تحلیل عاملی بررسی شد. در بخش دانش مدیریت بحران مقدار kmo معادل 74/0 بود و مجموع متغیرهای این بخش در چهار عامل 67.42 درصد از تغییر پذیری (واریانس) متغیرها را تبیین کردند. مقدار kmo در بخش احساس قدرت و اعتماد به نفس 0.72 بود و متغیرهای این بخش نیز با چهار عامل 65.27 درصد از تغییر پذیری متغیرها را تبیین کردند. مقدار kmo تقدیرگرایی معادل 0.599 بود و این بخش با چهار عامل توانست .59.56 درصد از تغییر پذیری متغیرها را تبیین کند. سرانجام، مقدار kmo هنجارهای فرهنگی اجتماعی معادل 0.71 است و 70.52 درصد از تغییر پذیری متغیرها از طریق پنج عامل در این بخش تبیین شده است.

Analysis of Components Influencing the Women's Participation in Disaster Management Cycle in Tehran

Various community groups can play important role in disaster management. Countries with different segments of people directly participate in activities to reduce the risk. Therefore, regarding the role of women's participation in disaster management process and as a part of human society will have an important role in this process, identify and analyze the factors affecting women's presence is essential. However, the central role of women in families and communities remains unknown in most parts of the world specially in planning and managing the disaster. The purpose of this study is to identify and understand the different capabilities of women to participate actively in the cycle of disaster management and providing strategies for increasing women's participation in the prevention, preparedness, response and recovery of probable disasters. This study is an original and practical research. According to the theoretical research, a questionnaire was designed in four parts and it was completed through sling. The sle population is women living in 22 districts of Tehran. This study implies that there is the low participation rate of women in disaster management among citizens of Tehran. To complete the data, proportional sling was used and data were analyzed using factor analysis. Using this method, the data and the variables were summarized and the most effective factors were set in the partnership. These factors include disaster management, cultural factors and gender, fatalism, a feeling of power and confidence that the results of the factor analysis was performed using four dimensions. Based on tradition of social research and the findings of previous empirical research on women's participation in disaster management and the factors influencing voluntary participation, contextual condition of social variables (including socioeconomic condition, occupation, marital status, number of children and age), as well as religious and fatalistic attitude would studied and evaluated the factors influencing the motivation and willingness to participate as a volunteer in the field of disaster management. The findings show that KMO value was equivalent to 0.74 in four factors of disaster management and the total values of the sector were defined 67.42% of total variance of the variables. KMO value in the sense of power and confidence variables was 0.72 and 65.27% of this segment can be explained by four factors the variability of the variables. In fatalism variable the KMO value was 0.599 and 59.56% of the four factors could explain the variability of variables. Finally, the KMO of sociocultural norms was 0.71 and 70.52% of the variability of the variables was explained by five factors in this sector. Women cooperation alongside men play a major role in the use and implementation of policies and programs related to accidents. Thus, participation as one of the arguments in crisis management requires people involved in all processes related to the crisis management cycle. Since public participation opportunities and fields are different in societies and in different groups, so, to attract the participation in each group, identifying effective components is essential. Finally, after using factor analysis and extracting four factors, including knowledge of effective crisis management, cultural factors and gender, fatalism, a sense of power and selfconfidence were classified. In general, most people do not do any activities in disaster management and their awareness and knowledge does not lead to disaster management needs. Thus, organizational barriers, structural, administrative and educational activities to promote social and cultural constraints are considering strategies promoting women's participation in disaster management cycle.