تحلیل فضایی تاب‌آوری طبیعی در مناطق مرزی نمونه: شهرستان زهک

تاب‌آوری بخصوص در مناطق ویژه که از اهمیت و حساسیت خاصی برخوردار است، اهمیت دوچندانی پیدا کرده است. مناطق مرزی به عنوان یکی از مناطق ویژه در سیاستگذاری و برنامه‌ریزی جایگاه خاصی دارد. این مقاله به تحلیل فضایی تاب‌آوری محیطی در شهرستان زهک پرداخته و هدف آن بررسی تفاوت تاب‌آوری در پهنه‌های مختلف شهرستان است. به دلیل وابستگی معیشت ساکنان شهرستان به منابع طبیعی، با تهدید این منابع، در معرض آسیب قرار دارند. پژوهش از لحاظ هدف کاربردی، و ریکرد کلی حاکم بر مطالعه، تلفیقی و از لحاظ روش، توصیفی - تحلیلی است. داده ها با استفاده از روش اسنادی و میدانی با ابزار مشاهده و پرسشنامه و یافته‌های پنل تخصصی گردآوری شده است. جامعه آماری این تحقیق روستاهای بالای 20 خانوار شهرستان زهک است که دارای دهیاری یا شورای اسلامی روستا بوده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد هیچ یک از پهنه‌های جغرافیایی تعریف شده در سطح دهستان پایدار نبوده و سه دهستان نیمه پایدار و یک دهستان ناپایدار هستند. ارزیابی پایداری در ریزپهنه‌ها نیز نشان می‌دهد روستاهای ناپایدار طبیعی اغلب جمعیت کمی داشته و این به معنی آن است که فعالیت نیز توسعه پیدا نکرده است. بدین ترتیب لازم است در مناطق ویژه‌ای همچون شهرستان زهک مدیریت بحران بایستی بر تامین منابع طبیعی و جلوگیری از آسیب‌پذیری از بحران‌های طبیعی متمرکز شده و انتظار می‌رود با پایداری طبیعی، سکونت و فعالیت نیز پایدار خواهد شد.

Spatial analysis of natural resilience in border areas Case study: zehak county

Spatial analysis of natural resilience in border areasCase study: Zahak countyproblem statementOccurrence of natural disasters such as drought, floods and earthquakes in geographical areas, especially in rural areas, often have devastating effects. Hence, resilience has become doubly important, especially in special areas that are of special importance and sensitivity. On the other hand, border areas have a special place in policymaking and planning is important in this areas. One of these areas is Zahak county in Sistan and Balochestan province, which due to the instability and reduction of the inflow of river water resources, as well as climatic conditions and drought in combination with other factors, the traditional employment opportunities of the often rural population face serious challenges and therefore the county5b is deprived. Increasingly, the sustainability of livelihoods is facing problems. The question is, how do the spatial zones and the villages located in these zones react to the change of internal and external natural factors? Which areas and villages are more resilient? Method of researchThis article deals with the spatial analysis of environmental resilience in Zahak county and its purpose is to investigate the differences in resilience in different areas of the county. The general approach to the study is integrated and descriptiveanalytical in terms of method. Data were collected using documentary and field methods with observation tools and questionnaires and findings of a specialized panel. The statistical population of this research is the villages of more than 20 households in Zahak city that have had governor of a rural district or village council..Description and interpretation of resultsThe villages of Zahak county are threatened by the threat of these resources due to their dependence on natural resources. The results show that none of the defined geographical areas in the rural area is sustainable and three rural areas are semisustainable and one rural is unstable. Assessment of sustainability in micro zones also shows that naturally unstable villages are often sparsely populated, which means that activity has not developed either. After qualitative and quantitative evaluation of various natural and environmental indicators in the county and their impact on the resilience of places and settlements in the county, settlements and places in terms of resilience were classified into three levels of high, medium and low resilience. In total, 46.7% of settlements and places are at high level of resilience, 37% at medium level and 16.3% at low level of resilience. After matching the settlements and places with the geographical area of ​​the village, three of the four geographical areas are in transition and one is unstable. This study shows that the resilience of individual villages cannot perform well when it is located in areas surrounded by villages with low resilience and the whole area becomes unstable. Thus, in special areas such as Zahak county, crisis management should focus on providing natural resources and preventing vulnerability to natural crises, and it is expected that with natural stability, housing and activity will be sustainable. Key wordResilience, special areas, Zahak county, border areas, geographic zoning