تحلیل جایگاه معیارهای اجتماعی در طرح ‌های جامع شهرهای تاریخی ایران

معیارهای اجتماعی جایگاه ویژه‌ای در شکل ‌گیری و کارایی بافت‌های شهری دارند. از جمله این معیارها، می‌توان ارزش ‌های فرهنگی، تعاملات اجتماعی، پویایی، حس تعلق، مشارکت اجتماعی و سرزندگی را نام برد. سوال اصلی پژوهش حاضر این است که چه شاخص‌هایی برای ارزیابی جایگاه معیارهای اجتماعی در طرح‌های جامع شهری باید مدنظر قرار گیرند و وضعیت این شاخص‌ها در طرح‌های جامع منتخب پژوهش چگونه است؟ به‌منظور انتخاب شهرهای نمونه پژوهش و با توجه به میزان آثار میراث جهانی ثبت‌شده، سه شهر تبریز، یزد و شیراز انتخاب شدند. بر اساس مبانی نظری، چهار معیار همبستگی و انسجام اجتماعی، مشارکت اجتماعی، کیفیت زندگی و برابری همراه با شاخص‌های مرتبط با آن‌ها شناسایی و تحلیل گردیدند. با استفاده از روش تحلیل محتوا، از شاخص آلفای کریپندورف استفاده شد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که میانگین امتیاز کلیة شاخص‌ها 0.886 از 2 بوده که نشان از توجه بسیار پایین به معیارهای اجتماعی دارد. میانگین ضریب پایایی آلفای کریپندورف 0.876 و میانگین نمرة طرح جامع شهر تبریز 1.157، یزد 0.743 و شیراز 0.757 است. معیار کیفیت زندگی وضعیت مطلوب‌تری نسبت به دیگر معیارها داشته و معیار مشارکت اجتماعی با کسب کم‌ترین امتیاز در نامطلوب‌ترین وضعیت بوده است. وضعیت معیار برابری مطلوب نبوده است.

an analysis of the social criteria in the comprehensive plans of historical cities in iran

this study evaluates the social criteria within urban comprehensive plans for historical cities in iran, focusing on tabriz, yazd, and shiraz cities. it identifies social indicators for these plans, considering these cities’ unique cultural and historical contexts. a content analysis approach was used to evaluate the selected comprehensive plans. social criteria and indicators were extracted based on a theoretical framework, analyzed the plans, scoring each indicator from 0 (no attention) to 2 (complete attention). krippendorff’s alpha measured the reliability of these evaluations. the findings reveal significant shortcomings in integrating social criteria across the comprehensive plans, with tabriz performing relatively better. the criterion of quality of life received the most attention, indicating a growing awareness of its importance. however, critical areas such as social cohesion, particularly in yazd, and equality, especially in shiraz, were inadequately addressed. the study highlights a general lack of focus on social participation. the study concludes that despite some improvements, urban comprehensive plans in historical cities of iran still fail to address crucial social criteria appropriately. the gap between planning theories and practices remains evident, particularly in social cohesion and equality. greater emphasis on these aspects is necessary to ensure effective and sustainable urban development. extended abstractintroductionsocial criteria have historically played a vital role in shaping the fabric of cities, particularly in historical contexts where cultural heritage must be preserved while meeting modern urban needs. these criteria, which include elements like local cultural values, social cohesion, and public participation, are essential for ensuring the sustainability and livability of cities. however, there is a noticeable gap in how urban comprehensive plans incorporate these social dimensions, especially in historical cities like tabriz, yazd, and shiraz. this study focuses on identifying the key social indicators necessary for evaluating comprehensive urban plans in historical cities and assessing their integration into the urban plans of these three unesco-recognized cities. methodologythis study employed content analysis to evaluate the urban comprehensive plans of tabriz, yazd, and shiraz in iran. a thorough review of theoretical frameworks and literature led to the identification of four primary social criteria, including social cohesion, social participation, quality of life, and equality. these criteria were further divided into 21 general social indicators applicable to all urban plans and 14 specific indicators tailored to the historical context of the cities.the comprehensive plans were analyzed by two urban planning experts who scored each plan on a scale from 0 to 2, with 0 indicating no attention, 1 indicating partial attention, and 2 indicating complete attention to the indicators. krippendorff’s alpha, a measure of coding reliability, was used to ensure reliability in the evaluation process. this methodology provided a robust framework for assessing the integration of social criteria in the urban plans of these historically significant cities. results and discussionthe analysis revealed significant variations in how the cities of tabriz, yazd, and shiraz have integrated social criteria into their urban planning processes. tabriz, with an average score of 1.157, showed a relatively better incorporation of social aspects compared to yazd and shiraz, which scored 0.743 and 0.757, respectively. quality of life was the most consistently addressed criterion across all three cities, reflecting a growing recognition of its importance.