تدوین چارچوبی برای شناسایی مسائل بغرنج در برنامه ‌ریزی شهری

امروزه، مسائل نوین حوزه شهرسازی به دلیل پیچیدگی، عدم قطعیت و هنجارمندی، بغرنج تلقی می‌شوند. این در حالی است که علی‌رغم معرفی مفهوم مسئله بغرنج در معنای عام در طول 5 دهه گذشته، شناسایی مسائل شهری بغرنج و نحوه مواجهه با آن، در میان نظریه‌پردازان برنامه‌ریزی شهری همچنان موضوعی در کانون توجه و نیازمند مطالعه است. ازاین‌رو، هدف از مقاله حاضر، تدوین چارچوبی برای شناسایی مسائل بغرنج در برنامه‌ریزی شهری است. روش‌شناسی مطالعه، تحلیل تبارشناسانه است که پدیده‌ها را در تطور تاریخی خود بررسی کرده و جایگاه انتقادی مناسبی را برای فهم شرایط کنونی آن‌ها، پدید می‌آورد. این‌چنین، مفهوم مسئله شهری بغرنج در پنج مرحله شامل شناسایی، سوابق شکل‌گیری، کشف گفتمان‌ها، تحلیل گسست و نقد حال، مورد تحلیل تبارشناسی قرارگرفته است. بر اساس چارچوب پیشنهادی، مسائل شهری بغرنج در دو دسته کلی مشخصه‌های مسئله محور و مشخصه‌های راه‌حل محور، قابل‌شناسایی هستند که متعاقباً ویژگی‌هایی را چون نامعینی در تعریف و پیکربندی، منحصربه‌فردی، ارتباط متقابل و تنگاتنگ، عدم امکان تعریف راه‌حل قطعی، پایان‌ ناپذیری فرآیند مواجهه و عواقب گسترده و اجتناب‌ناپذیر مواجهه، در برمی‌گیرند. درعین‌حال، نبود حاکمیت و متولی اصلی در مواجهه، فرصت محدود برای مواجهه و تشدید به‌واسطه مواجهه شوندگان، ظهور مسئله شهری فوق بغرنج را به دنبال دارد. چارچوب ارائه‌شده برای شناسایی مسائل بغرنج در شهرسازی، زمینه‌ساز تحلیل دقیق‌تر و متعاقباً تعریف کارآمدتر چگونگی مواجهه با آن‌ها برای برنامه‌ریزان و سیاست‌گذاران شهری است که به‌علاوه، نیازمند کاربست و مداقه در پژوهش‌ های مرتبط موضوعی و موردی آتی خواهد بود

developing a framework to identify wicked problems in urban planning

today, new problems in urban planning are considered wicked due to their complexity, uncertainty, and normativity. despite introducing the wicked problem concept during the last five decades, identifying urban wicked problems and how to encounter them is still an issue at the center of focus and study among urban planning theorists. therefore, this article aims to develop a framework to identify wicked problems in urban planning. the study’s methodology is a genealogical analysis that examines the phenomena in their historical development and creates a suitable critical position for understanding their current conditions. in this way, the concept of the wicked urban problem has been subjected to genealogical analysis in five stages, including identification, records, discourses, discontinuity analysis, and criticism of the present. according to the proposed framework, wicked urban problems could be identified in two general categories, problem-oriented characteristics and solution-oriented characteristics, which subsequently include features such as uncertainty in definition and configuration, uniqueness, interrelationship and closeness, the impossibility of defining a definitive solution, the inexhaustibility of the encountering process, and the extensive and inevitable consequences of addressing. meanwhile, the absence of a leading authority, the limited opportunity for encountering, and escalating by those who encounter lead to the emergence of super wicked urban problems. the presented framework to identify wicked problems in urban planning lays the groundwork for a more detailed analysis and, accordingly, more efficient approaches to encounter them for urban planners and policymakers, which will need to be applied and scrutinized in future related thematic and case studiesextended abstractintroductionduring the industrial revolution and the years after the world wars, planning focused on problems that were relatively definable and agreeable, called tame problems. today, new problems in urban planning are considered wicked due to their complexity, uncertainty, and normativity. despite introducing the wicked problem concept during the last five decades, identifying urban wicked problems and how to encounter them is still an issue at the center of focus and study among urban planning theorists. therefore, this article aims to develop a framework to identify wicked problems in urban planning. for this purpose, the concepts of the urban problem and the wicked urban problem are explained in the literature review section. then, due to the details described in the methodology section, the evolution of the concept of the wicked urban problem is explored and analyzed genealogically discussed in the results section. finally, focusing on the framework developed to identify wicked problems in urban planning, the article will be concluded, and suggestions for future studies and research will be presented. methodologythis article is considered fundamental review research because it aims to develop a framework to identify wicked problems in urban planning. the study’s methodology is a genealogical analysis that examines the phenomena in their historical development and creates a suitable critical position for understanding their current conditions. in this way, the concept of the wicked urban problem has been subjected to genealogical analysis in five stages, including identification, records, discourses, discontinuity analysis, and criticism of the present. the written sources, including books and articles published from 1966 to 2023, were collected purposefully by searching for the “wicked problem” in the title or keywords. they were subsequently analyzed using the genealogical analysis method.