electro-elastic analysis of finite length fgpm cylinders subjected to electromechanical loading using first-order electric potential theory

In this study, an analytical solution is presented based on the voltage feedback control method for the two-dimensional electro-elastic static response of functionally graded piezoelectric material (fgpm) cylinders. using first-order shear deformation theory as well as first-order electric potential theory and applying the energy method, a differential equations system is extracted, which is solved as a classical eigenvalue problem. the results show the significant impact of heterogeneity on the electromechanical behavior of the cylinders. furthermore, control gain affects the electric potential and electromechanical behavior of the head where the voltage is applied. the present research also introduces an analytical solution with no limitation to specific conditions in cylinder heads and without any need for convergence check. moreover, the results show that any changes in cylinder head conditions affect the behavior of fgpm cylinders. the results were compared with those from the finite element method (fem), leading us to a reasonable agreement.