Investigating the Relation between the Gut Microbiota and Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a Mouse Model

Introduction: inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) is a group of chronic gastrointestinal disorders affecting millions worldwide. several factors are involved in developing this disease, but gut microbiota is known to be one of the most critical factors. this study investigated the relationship between gut microbiota and ibd in a mouse model. methods: in this study, two methodswere used: chemical induction with dextran sulfate sodium (dss) and biological induction with stool from a human with ibd (fecal microbiota transplantation) to induce inflammation in the gut of mice. the gut microbiota populations in both groups were studied using real-time pcr. in addition, the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and the colon tissues of the mice were analyzed. results: the pathological results showed that the colon tissue in the fmt group had inflammatory changes as in the dss group. the changes in the gut microbiota population in both fmt and dss groups on the last day of the study also showed a similar pattern. interleukin-1 and il-6 also increased in the fmt and dss groups compared to the control group. conclusion: our results showed a mutual relationship between gut microbiota and inflammatorydiseases and that gut microbiota was not only the cause of ibd but may also be a consequence of this disease. in fact, by chemically inducing inflammation, the gut microbiota was altered. on the other hand, performing fmt from human stool with ibd altered the gut microbiota of mice and induced inflammatory disease in the mouse model.