High and Moderate Intensity Aerobic Training Effects on Galectin-3, Pentraxin-3, and Several Inflammatory Mediators Levels in Type 2 Diabetic Women, A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: galectin-3 and pentraxin-3 are recognized as cardiovascular risk factors, levels of which change in the pathological conditions, including type 2 diabetes. the aim of present research was to investigate the high and moderate intensity aerobic training effects on galectin-3, pentraxin-3, and some inflammatory mediators levels in type 2 diabetic women. methods: our study was a randomized clinical trial, conducted on the 36 type 2 diabetic women with an average age of 46.95±3.49 years old, randomly assigned to three equal groups, including control, continuous training with moderate-intensity (mict), and high intensity interval training (hiit) groups. both mict and hiit program performed three sessions per week over a 12-week period. training intensity in hiit and mict group was 90 and 60-70 percent of maximum heart rate, respectively. blood samples at the baseline and after the 12-week training intervention were collected and the variables levels were measured via elisa method. repeated measures anova test and tukey post-hoc test were employed for data analysis. the research is documented in the iranian registry of clinical trials (registration number: irct20200729048252n1). results: galectin-3 levels significantly decreased in hiit and mict groups (p<0.001). however, no significant differences were observed for pentraxin-3 levels between different group (p=0.306), yet paired t test indicated that pentraxin-3 levels significantly decreased in hiit group (p=0.003). in addition, serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (tnf-α) and interleukin-6 (il-6) significantly declined in hiit and mict groups (p<0.05). conclusion: hiit and mict intervention results in a significant decrease in inflammatory mediators and hiit protocol was not superior to mict protocol for observed changes in inflammatory mediators.