جایگاه حقوق مصرف کننده در پرتو اسناد حقوق بشری و رویه‌ی قضائی

نظﺎمﻫﺎی ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ در اﻏﻠﺐ ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎی ﺟﻬﺎن، ﺣﻘﻮق ﻣﺼﺮفﮐﻨﻨﺪه را ﻣﻘﺪم داﺷﺘﻪ و درﺻﺪد ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ از اﯾﻦ ﮔﺮوه اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﭘﺮﺗﻌﺪاد ﺑﺮآﻣﺪهاﻧﺪ. اﻣﺮوزه ﺣﻘﻮق ﻣﺼﺮفﮐﻨﻨﺪه در ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﺳﺎﺳﯽ اﺗﺤﺎدﯾﻪ اروﭘﺎ و در ﻗﻮاﻧﯿﻦ ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎی ﻋﻀﻮ آن، ﺣﻘﻮق اﺳﺎﺳﯽ ﺑﺸﺮ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ. اﯾﻦ اﻣﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن از آن دارد ﮐﻪ ﺣﻘﻮق ﻣﺼﺮفﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺣﻘﻮق اﺳﺎﺳﯽ و ﺑﻨﯿﺎدﯾﻦ ﺑﺸﺮ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﻣﻘﺮرات ﺣﻘﻮق ﺑﯿﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻞ و ﻗﻮاﻧﯿﻦ ﻣﻠﯽ ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎ ﻧﻘﺶ ﭘﯿﺪا ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ. اﺳﻨﺎد ﺣﻘﻮق ﺑﺸﺮی ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ و ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪای ﺑﻪ ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ از اﻓﺮاد ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺼﺮفﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺧﺎص ﻧﺸﺎن دادهاﻧﺪ و اﯾﻦ ﺣﻘﻮق را در زﻣﺮه ﺣﻘﻮق اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ ﺑﺸﺮ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﮐﺮدهاﻧﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ روﯾﻪ ﻗﻀﺎﯾﯽ دادﮔﺎه اروﭘﺎﯾﯽ ﺣﻘﻮق ﺑﺸﺮ و ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﮥ ﭘﺮوﻧﺪهﻫﺎی ﻣﺘﻌﺪد آن ﻣﺘﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮﯾﻢ ﮐﻪ اﻣﺮوزه ﺟﺮﯾﺎن ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ از ﻣﺼﺮفﮐﻨﻨﺪه از ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖاﺟﺮاﻫﺎی ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﯽ و ﻗﻀﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﻬﺮهﻣﻨﺪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

Consumer rights review in the light of human rights instruments and internatioanl judicial procedures

Legal systems In most countries, consumer rights are prevalent in the world and they seek to support this cohort of humanity in their country. For example, we see today that consumers’ rights in the Constitution of the European Union and in the laws of the member states of the union are considered as fundamental human rights, which indicates that consumer rights as one of the rights The fundamental and fundamental humanity has played a role in the provisions of international law and national laws of the countries. It is worth noting, however, that there are many human rights instruments that, at the global and regional level, have given special attention to protecting individuals as consumers and have introduced these rights as basic human rights, as well as in the light of the judicial process of the court European Human Rights Law, and studying the numerous cases in this regional court. In the area of human rights, we now find that the flow of consumer protection has benefited from the guarantee of appropriate legal and judicial actions. Accordingly, the present study, through analyticaldescriptive method and library collection (documentary) has addressed the question of what is the status of the consumer in the light of international human rights?