سرمایه گذاری الکترونیکی در بورس اوراق بهادار مطالعه تطبیقی در حقوق ایران و انگلستان

در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﻪﻫﺎی اﻟﮑﺘﺮوﻧﯿﮏ ﺑﻮرس در ﺣﻘﻮق اﯾﺮان و اﻧﮕﻠﺴﺘﺎن ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﺎت ﺑﻮرس ﺑﺎ وﺟﻮد ﺧﺎصﺑﻮدن، ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺻﺤﺖ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﺎت را داﺷﺘﻪ و در ﺷﻤﻮل ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﻗﺮاردادﻫﺎ ﺟﺎی دارﻧﺪ. ﮐﺎﻣﻦﻟﺎی اﻧﮕﻠﺴﺘﺎن، ﺑﺮﺧﻂﺑﻮدن ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ ﺑﻮرس را ﺑﻪ رﺳﻤﯿﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ و از اﯾﻦ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻘﻮق ﮐﺸﻮرﻣﺎن ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻬﺖ دارد. ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﻣﺒﺎرزه ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوﮔﺎنﮔﯿﺮی ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ، ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﺣﻘﻮق ﺑﻮرس اﯾﺮان و اﻧﮕﻠﺴﺘﺎن اﺳﺖ. ﻧﻈﺎرت دوﻟﺖ اﻧﮕﻠﺴﺘﺎن ﺑﺮ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎی ﺑﻮرﺳﯽ، ﺑﺎزدﻫﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻨﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽﻫﺎی ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﮐﺸﻮر ﻣﺎ، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﻣﻤﺘﺎزﺑﻮدن ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺳﻬﺎم در ﺑﻮرس اﻧﮕﻠﺴﺘﺎن ﺑﺎ ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ در ﺣﻘﻮق ﮐﺸﻮر ﻣﺎ ﺳﺎزﮔﺎری ﻧﺪارد. ﺧﻠﺄ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ ﮐﺸﻮرﻣﺎن در ﻣﻮرد ﺳﺒﺪﮔﺮداﻧﺎن و ﮐﺎرﮔﺰاریﻫﺎی ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻨﺪه اﺣﺴﺎس ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﮑﻪ در ﻧﻈﺎم ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ اﻧﮕﻠﺴﺘﺎن، ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺐ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن در اﯾﻦ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ، ﻧﺘﯿﺠﮥ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﯽ داده اﺳﺖ، در ﮐﺸﻮر ﻣﺎ ﻧﯿﺰ وﺿﻊ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﻧﯿﺎز اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺐ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﯽ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ، ﺻﺮاﺣﺖ ﻗﺎﻧﻮنﮔﺬار ﮐﺸﻮرﻣﺎن در اﺑﻬﺎم ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﻣﻮاد ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺑﻮرس و درﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﻣﺒﺎرزه ﺑﺎ ﻓﺴﺎد اﻧﺤﺼﺎری در ﺑﻮرس، اﺟﺮاﯾﯽ ﺷﻮد.

Thematic Analysis of Human Rights Legal Claims of EU toward Islamic Republic of Iran

Human Rights Challenges One of the most marginal challenges of the last two decades between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the poles of power in the contemporary international system, which has led to many restrictions on Iran’s action power in the international system. Focusing on Iran’s human rights challenges with the European Union, the study seeks to identify the main themes of the challenge, as well as the European Union’s human rights claims against the human rights situation in Iran, as well as the application of thematic analysis.The findings of the study indicate that three factors: &the dominance of Islamic values in Iran&, &Iran’s efforts to challenge the human rights values of the liberal order&, and &Iran’s efforts to strengthen the internal structure of power& caused challenges. From this perspective, Iran seeks to consolidate its religious and Islamic identity, and the emergence of challenges in issues such as the implementation of sharia law, as well as the refusal to criminalize homosexuality, is rooted in this issue. On the other hand, Iran seeks to provide an alternative model of human life in the contemporary world based on spiritualism and theism, one of the tools of which is to challenge and discredit the values and norms of contemporary liberal order. And, Iran’s efforts to strengthen the nationbuilding and statebuilding processes at home are backed up, each of which leads to friction with some Western human rights norms.