Fecal microbiota transplantation: why, who, how?

Gut microbiota has a role in the regulation of both immunity, health and disease. imbalances in gut microbiota are detected in numerous disorders, such as clostridiumdifficile infection, inflammatory bowel disease,colorectal cancer, diabetes, atopy, autism, obesity and the metabolic syndrome. the restoration of a healthy gut microbiota is, therefore, a clinical target in the management of diseases. fecal microbiota transplantation is an old therapy that has recently been rediscovered, having proved a clear efficacy against recurrent clostridium difficile infection. this review aims to discuss the recent advances in fecal microbiota transplantation.