Squamous cell carcinoma developed on the basis of branchial cyst (Primary branchiogenic carcinoma)

Branchial anomalies are the most common congenital neck pathologies in the lateral part of the neck. branchial anomalies frequently appear in the cyst form. the most common type (95%) is the second branchial cleft cysts. second branchial cleft cysts are localized in the deep anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle in the lateral part of the neck. branchial cleft cysts become apparent in a painless way, in the form of a fluctuant neck mass which usually grows after an upper respiratory tract infection. they are usually benign lesions. just as infections may develop, publications can be found in the literature that carcinomas also develop on branchial cysts. in this article we discussed a squamous cell carcinoma case which developed on the basis of a branchial cyst. when investigating new cases, there is need for pathologists to make definitive diagnosis on the basis of where the carcinoma was derived from.