Nanobacteria: a different point of view to the relationship between periodontal and systemic diseases

Nanobacteria have been described as unusually small sized (50–500 nm), pleomorphic, infectious, pathogenic entities and associated with several systemic diseases having extra–skeletal calcifications in their pathogenesis. dental plaque as the main cause for periodontal disease mineralizes through a process similar to these calcifications and forms calculus. nanobacteria, considered to be playing a major role in pathologic calcifications, might be participating in dental calculus formation and consisting of a risk factor for periodontal diseases. possible role of nanobacteria in periodontal diseases’ pathogenesis and interrelationship with systemic diseases have been summarized in this review.