جایگاه مساجد در میزان تعاملات اجتماعی بین ساکنان محله های شهری (نمونه مورد مطالعه: محله شهشهان اصفهان)

بیان مسئله: در سال های اخیر موضوع تعاملات اجتماعی به دلیل تاثیری که بر عواملی نظیر انسجام و همبستگی اجتماعی، مسئولیت پذیری و حس تعلق ساکنان، نظارت و امنیت اجتماعی و ... می گذارد، از اهمیت بسیاری برخوردار می باشد. بدین منظور تلاش های بسیاری به منظور ایجاد بستری مناسب جهت ایجاد یا افزایش تعاملات اجتماعی صورت گرفته است. در این راستا کانون توجه برنامه ریزان به فضاهایی نظیر پارک های محلی، پاتوق های اجتماعی، مراکز محله و ... معطوف شده است که در اکثر مواقع نتوانسته انتظارات را برآورده سازد. در این میان مساجد با توجه به ظرفیت بالقوه ای که در پذیرش کارکردهای متنوع دارد و از دیرباز تحت عنوان فضایی اجتماعی، نقش به سزایی در تعاملات اجتماعی میان ساکنان داشته است، مورد بی توجهی قرار گرفته است. این بی توجهی ها تا جایی ادامه داشته که مساجدی که کانون تعاملات و روابط اجتماعی بوده اند، در حال حاضر تنها به نقش مذهبی خود بسنده کرده اند. هدف پژوهش: در این پژوهش سعی شده تا جایگاه مساجد و تاثیری که بر تعاملات اجتماعی میان ساکنان می گذارد، مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. روش پژوهش: به منظور دستیابی به اهداف پژوهش، رویکرد پژوهش حاضر کیس محور می باشد. بدین منظور محله شهشهان اصفهان به دلیل برخورداری از تعداد زیادی مساجد به عنوان نمونه مورد مطالعه انتخاب شده است. پژوهش حاضر به لحاظ ماهیت، توصیفی تحلیلی و ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات در این پژوهش مشاهده و پرسشنامه می باشد. جامعه آماری این پژوهش مطابق با فرمول کوکران 95 نفر انتخاب شد و به منظور تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات، ضریب همبستگی اسپیرمن مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. یافته های پژوهش: یافته های پژوهش نشان داد که میان حضور ساکنان محله در مساجد و همچنین تاثیری که مساجد بر تعاملات اجتماعی میان ساکنان می گذارند، ارتباط و همبستگی نسبتا بالایی وجود دارد. همچنین مطابق با سطوح مختلف تعاملات اجتماعی، مساجد به دلیل قابلیت پذیرش نقش های متعدد و همچنین ظرفیتی که در پذیرش و حضور اقشار مختلف جامعه دارد، می تواند تعاملات اجتماعی میان ساکنان را به بالاترین سطح ارتقاء دهد. لذا شناختی عمیق از کارکردها و عملکردهای این فضای مذهبی و همچنین نگاه دقیق و تحلیلی به ویژگی های منحصر به فرد مساجد و به کارگیری آن در شهرهای امروزی می تواند در ارتقاء تعاملات اجتماعی میان ساکنان و افزایش کیفیت محیطی، موثر واقع شود.

The Role of Mosques in Social Interactions between the neighbors (Case Study: Shahshahan Neighborhood of Isfahan)

Problem expression: The manifestation of modern thinking in urban life and, consequently, the spread of the culture of individualism and civic indifference in recent years, has faced problems for urban dwellers such as isolationism and reduced social interactions. Therefore, peoplechr('39')s need for places for social interactions and psychological needs has become one of the necessities of urban life. Thus, recognizing human beings and how they relate to others as a social being, as well as examining potential camps and capacities for social action in order to achieve this, is very important and is one of the factors that many planners and city managers consider. For this purpose, in recent years, the issue of social interactions has been of great importance due to its impact on factors such as social cohesion and solidarity, responsibility and sense of belonging of residents, supervision and social security. To this end, many efforts have been made to create a suitable environment for the creation or increase of social interactions. In this regard, the focus of the planners has been on spaces such as local parks, social hangouts, neighborhood centers which in most cases have not been able to meet expectations. Meanwhile, mosques have been neglected due to their potential capacity to accept diverse functions and have long played a significant role in social interactions among residents. These inaccuracies have persisted to the point that mosques that have been the center of social interaction and interaction are currently content with only their religious role.The Objective of research: In this research, an attempt has been made to examine the status of mosques and the effect it has on social interactions between residents.Research Method: In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the present research approach is caseoriented. For this purpose, The Shahshahan neighborhood of Isfahan has been studied in order to achieve the goals of the research due to a large number of mosques. The present study is observational in terms of nature, descriptiveanalytical, and data collection tools in this research. The statistical population of this study was selected according to Cochranchr('39')s formula of 95 people, and the Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze the information.Findings of the research: In order to evaluate the social interactions of the residents of Shahshahan neighborhood of Isfahan, four indicators of neighborhood memberschr('39') knowledge, social contacts, social trust, and intimacy, and social relations, which are extracted from the theoretical literature of the research, have been used. According to the information obtained, the amount of social interactions in the Shahshahan neighborhood can be evaluated as average. Also, in order to investigate the role and position of mosques on the level of social interactions in the Shahshahan neighborhood of Isfahan, first, the level of presence of neighborhood members in mosques has been studied. According to the information gathered, about half of the members of the Shahshahan neighborhood have a small presence in mosques. Also, according to the observations made, many mosques in the the Shahshahan neighborhood are inactive, and most of the mosques that are active in the neighborhood have only been content with their religious role. Then, in order to measure the role of mosques on the social interactions of the residents of the neighborhood, criteria were developed for this purpose, and the role of the mosques of the neighborhood on the interactions and interactions between the members of the neighborhood was examined. The results show that mosques have a relatively significant impact on the social interactions of the residents of the Shahshahan neighborhood, and more than half of the statistical samples have stated that mosques are effective in their social interactions with their neighbors and all their neighborhoods. Finally, in order to investigate the role and position of mosques on the level of social interactions of residents of the Shahshahan neighborhood of Isfahan, Spearman correlation coefficient has been used to investigate the intensity and relationship between indicators. The findings show that there is a relatively high correlation between the presence of neighborhood residents in mosques and the impact that mosques have on social interactions between residents. Also, by accordance with different levels of social interactions, mosques can promote social interactions among residents to the highest level due to their ability to accept multiple maps as well as their capacity to accept and attend different sections of society. The results also show that more than half of the population of statistical sample of their social interactions in mosques as much as the conversation with members of the neighborhood and about 25% of the statistical sample expressed their level of social interactions in mosques at the highest level of social interaction (collective action). Have done. This means that the level of social interactions in mosques is at a high level, and these spaces also can strengthen social interactions among the residents of the neighborhood. Therefore, a deep understanding of the functions and functions of this sacred space, as well as a detailed and analytical look at the unique features of mosques and their use in todaychr('39')s cities can be useful in promoting social interactions between residents and increasing environmental quality.