standardized extract of costus afer ker. gawl leaves modulates reproductive toxicity caused by fructose-streptozotocin administration in type-2 diabetic rats model

Background: co-administration of streptozotocin and fructose is believed to induce type 2 diabetes as well as to cause reproductive toxicity and testicular damage via increasing oxidative stress in rats. objectives: in this study, the potential protective effect of costus afer leaves methanol extract (came) on andrological parameters and pituitary-gonadal axis hormones of type 2 diabetes (t2d) in rats treated with streptozotocin and fructose was investigated. methods: a total of 35 rats were divided into five groups, each including seven rats. group 1 received normal saline, whereas t2d was induced in rats from groups 2, 3, 4, and 5. group 2 served as diabetic control; while groups 3, 4, and 5 were treated orally with 12 mg/kg body weight (bw) of metformin as well as 100 and 200 bw of came, respectively, for 4 weeks. hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal responses, andrological parameters, dna fragmentation, and oxidative stress parameters of the reproductive organs were examined in all treatment groups. results: administration of came reduced the degenerative changes in testes, epididymis and improved pituitary-gonadal axis hormone concentrations, and sperm morphology occasioned by the treatments. conclusion: it was concluded that the administration of came ameliorated reproductive abnormalities in t2d rat models treated with streptozotocin-fructose administration.