kiwifruit supplementation increases the activity of the paraoxonase enzyme and decreases oxidized low-density lipoprotein in high-fat diet fed hamsters

Background: it is shown that kiwifruit elevates serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (hdl-c) levels and exhibits beneficial effects on human health due to its antioxidant potential. objectives: this study aimed to investigate the impact of kiwifruit on the activity of the paraoxonase 1 (pon1) enzyme, as a main antioxidant enzyme in hdl functionality, in a high-fat diet (hfd). methods: to this end, 42 male syrian hamsters were divided into 6 groups including hamsters receiving a normal diet (the control normal group), a regular diet supplemented with kiwifruit at two concentrations (i.e., 1.86 g/kg and 3.73 g/kg), a hfd comprised of 15% butterfat + 0.05% cholesterol (the control high-fat group), and a hfd supplemented with kiwifruit at two concentrations (i.e., 1.86 and 3.73 g/kg) for 8 weeks. results: the results showed that supplementation of kiwifruit to the hfd increased the levels of hdl-c and remarkably reduced the concentrations of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-ldl) and malondialdehyde (mda) compared with the control-hf group. in addition, the paraoxonase activity of pon1 significantly increased in hfd supplemented with kiwifruit (1.86 g/kg), and finally, arylesterase (are) activity increased in all treated groups when compared with untreated groups. conclusion: our findings suggested that kiwifruit can improve the lipid profile and prevent oxidative stress-induced by lipid peroxidation in hamsters receiving hfd, thus increasing the are and paraoxonase activities of pon1.