Pre-Disaster Financial Instruments used for the Finance of the Losses from Natural Disasters

The study aims to analyze financial instruments used for financing natural disaster that affect people physically, sociologically and economically. for the natural disaster management governments utilize various financial instruments before, during and after the disasters. the study examines the analyses of the theoretical structure of ex-ante financial instruments, and then instruments utilized in japan, mexico and turkey and finally the institutions. ex-ante disaster financial instruments consist of disaster reserve fund, disaster insurance, disaster bills and emergency credits. it is proven that the most commonly used and successful instrument among financial instruments is the disaster insurances. also, it is seen that other instruments are supportive for the disaster insurances. besides, it is also proven that ex-ante disaster financial instruments are used more efficiently in developed countries that have frequent disasters.