reconstruction of trachea defect by composite of plga/fg materials with differentiated human adipose-derived stem cells in a dog model

Background: various types of xenogeneic stem cells with composite structures are employed in tissue-engineered tracheal reconstruction. objectives: human adipose tissue-derived stem cells have been investigated as an excellent cell source for tissues, characterized by the absence of major histocompatibility complex-ii expression. methods: the human adipose stem cells/fibrin glue group was established by cultivating stem cells on constructs composed of fibrin glue, followed by differentiation. additionally, undifferentiated human adipose tissue-derived stem cells were seeded on polylactic-glycolic acid and transplanted into a 1 × 3.0 cm cartilage ring within a tracheal defect model. the groups were organized as follows: differentiated human adipose stem cells/fibrin glue/polylactic-glycolic acid (dhascs/fg/plga) (group 1), fibrin glue/plga without cells (fg/plga) (group 2), and plga/sterile normal saline as a control (plga/sns) (group 3). expression of cartilage-specific markers and tracheal cartilage formation were evaluated after 2 weeks (in vitro groups: chondrogenic dhascs/fg and hascs/fg) and 2 months later (in vivo groups) using real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) or histology results, respectively.results: no regenerated cartilage was observed in the control and group 2 tracheal cartilage defects. however, cartilage pieces were formed in the defect area where the dhascs/fg/plga group was implanted, indicating the potential for cartilage tissue repair facilitated by the natural and complex structure.conclusions: the combination of synthetic and natural scaffolds demonstrates promise as a suitable structure for repairing cartilage defects.