قصه‌های ایرانی از منظر پیشگیری در حوزه کودکان، از ظرفیت نظری تا استفاده عملی

کودکان و نوجوانان از دیرباز مخاطبان اصلی افسانه‌ها و قصه‌ها بوده‌اند. قصه‌ها با پاسخ‌گویی غیرمستقیم به نیازها و پرسش‌های کودکان و بارور ساختن قوه تخیل آن‌ها به عنوان منبع اصلی آموزش مهم‌ترین نکته‌های اخلاقی، فرهنگی، اجتماعی و... برای کودکان شناخته می‌شوند. در صورت استفاده درست از قصه‌ها می‌توان بسیاری از نکات لازم جهت پیشگیری از بزه‌کاری و بزه‌دیده شدن کودکان را به آن‌ها آموزش داد. در این صورت چه در زمان کودکی و چه در بزرگ‌سالی قصه‌ها کارکردی پیشگیرانه از خود بروز می‌دهند. مقاله پیش‌رو بر آن است تا به بررسی مهم‌ترین قصه‌ها در کتاب «داستان‌های کهن ایرانی» پرداخته تا از این راه به قابلیت‌ها و کارکردهای موجود آن‌ها در عرصه پیشگیری بپردازد. این پژوهش با روش تحلیل محتوا از بک‌سو در صدد یافتن درون مایه‌های اصلی قصه‌های ایرانی و بیان میزان قابلیت آن‌ها برای استفاده به عنوان ابزاری برای پیشگیری از بزه‌کاری و بزه‌دیدگی کودکان می‌باشد و از سوی دیگر به عدم توجه نسبت به این ظرفیت پیشگیرانه در وادی عمل اشاره و آن را مورد نقد قرار می‌دهد.

iranian stories from the perspective of prevention in the field of childrenfrom theoretical capacity to practical use

statement of the problem: since children and teenagers can be the audience of the legislator, they have the possibility of entering the field of criminal law regarding delinquency, and in terms of special physical and emotional conditions;  they are exposed to all kinds of injuries, especially physical, sexual and mental.  regardless of the mentioned conditions, some children and teenagers are more exposed to delinquency and victimization due to dangerous situations, and if these conditions are not resolved, they will fall into the trap of delinquency or victimization in the near future.  this category is referred to as children at risk in the criminal law of children and teenagers, since children and teenagers can be the audience of the legislator, they have the possibility to enter the field of criminal law regarding delinquency. they are in terms of special physical and emotional conditions;  they are exposed to all kinds of victimizations, especially physical, sexual and mental.regardless of the mentioned conditions, some children and teenagers are more exposed to delinquency and victimization due to dangerous situations, and if these conditions are not resolved, they will fall into the trap of delinquency or victimization in the near future.  this category is referred to as children at risk in the criminal law of children and teenagers.in the meantime, growth-oriented prevention is one of the sub-branches of social prevention, with a little tolerance and a more general look focused on the types of children mentioned above.  this type of prevention, with its intervention, on the one hand, prevents children from delinquency and victimization, and on the other hand, it prevents delinquency from becoming chronic and the continuation of victimization in them. one of these intervention programs, considering the capacity of iranian stories in the field of growth-oriented prevention, can be &story therapy& or &story-based programs&, in order to prevent the formation and continuation of delinquency and victimization of children and adolescents.in this way, the upcoming article aims to examine the most important stories in the book of ancient iranian legends, written by fazlollah mohtadi &sobhi&, and clarify their capabilities and functions in the field of prevention. also, following the investigation of the level of attention of iranian policymakers to this capability in the field of prevention, it will also pay attention.