تحلیل تاثیر تعاونی مرزی در توسعه اجتماعی_ اقتصادی روستاییان مرزنشین مطالعه موردی: روستاها دهستان دولتخانه، بخش باجگیران

زمینه و هدف: تعاونی روستایی به‌عنوان یکی از بازوهای اقتصادی، نقش مهمی در ایجاد تعادل و پایداری سکونتگاه‌ها به‌ویژه در مناطق مرزی را دارد. با توجه به این مسئله مهم، تحقیق حاضر به بررسی تاثیر شرکت‌های تعاونی مرزنشینان دهستان دولتخانه در توسعه اقتصادی و اجتماعی روستاییان پرداخته است.روش: روش تحقیق بکار رفته از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر اجرا توصیفی و تحلیلی است. همچنین جامعه آماری 10 روستای مرزی با فاصله 50 کیلومتری از مرز ترکمنستان انتخاب‌شده است که درمجموع تعداد 77 نفر از سرپرستان خانوار به‌عنوان نمونه به‌صورت تصادفی موردمطالعه قرار گرفتند.یافته‌ها: یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که تعاونی‌های مرزی تاثیر مثبتی برافزایش درآمد (با ضریب 0.4)، ایجاد فرصت‌های شغلی (0.3) و تنوع‌بخشی به درآمد (0.25) داشته‌اند، اما اشتغال‌زایی مستقیم با میانگین 2 کمترین تاثیر را نشان داده است. در بعد اجتماعی، این تعاونی‌ها موجب تقویت سرمایه اجتماعی (2.7) و جلوگیری از مهاجرت (2.2) شده‌اند، اما مشکلاتی مانند قاچاق (2.1) و عدم دسترسی کافی به خدمات رفاهی همچنان وجود دارد.. همچنین، نتایج مدل کوپراس نشان داد که روستاهای امام قلی (رتبه 1) و شیخ کانلو (رتبه 2) بیشترین بهره‌مندی را از تعاونی‌های مرزی داشته‌اند.نتایج: تعاونی‌های مرزی نقش موثری در افزایش درآمد، کاهش فقر و بهبود سرمایه اجتماعی داشته‌اند، اما تاثیر آن‌ها بسته به زیرساخت‌ها، حمایت‌های دولتی و مشارکت مردم متغیر است. توسعه اشتغال پایدار، حمایت مالی و بهبود خدمات رفاهی از راهکارهای اساسی برای افزایش اثربخشی این تعاونی‌ها محسوب می‌شود.

analysis of the impact of border cooperatives on the socio-economic development of border villagers:a case study of villages in dolatkhaneh rural district bajgiran bistrict

a b s t r a c tbackground and aim: rural cooperatives, as one of the key economic pillars, play an important role in creating balance and sustainability in settlements, particularly in border areas. in light of this, the present study examines the impact of border residents’ cooperatives in the dowlatkhaneh rural district on the economic and social development of local communities.methodology: this applied research adopts a descriptive–analytical approach. the statistical population includes 10 border villages located within 50 km of the turkmenistan border. a total of 77 household heads were randomly selected as the study sample.results: results indicate that border cooperatives have had a positive effect on increasing income (coefficient: 0.4), creating job opportunities (0.3), and diversifying income sources (0.25). however, direct job creation showed the lowest impact, with an average score of 2. socially, these cooperatives have strengthened social capital (2.7) and reduced migration (2.2), though challenges such as smuggling (2.1) and limited access to welfare services persist. the copras model results also revealed that emam qoli (rank 1) and sheikh kanlou (rank 2) villages have benefited the most from these cooperatives.conclusion: order cooperatives have played a significant role in raising income levels, reducing poverty, and enhancing social capital. however, their effectiveness varies depending on infrastructure, government support, and community participation. promoting sustainable employment, providing financial support, and improving welfare services are key strategies to increase the impact of these cooperatives.extended abstractintroductioncooperatives are a tool for increasing and redistributing opportunities for participation in social decision-making and cooperation in development, benefiting from its effects. in particular, public participation in various planning for rural development is inevitable because the implementation of any development plan in villages will fail without the direct and voluntary cooperation and intervention of local people. active and spontaneous participation of villagers also requires their awareness of the outcome of development plans. governments provide a suitable platform for people's participation in various ways. encouraging the formation and development of cooperatives is one of the solutions for the spontaneous participation of local communities in the development process. in general, since the beginning of social life, humans have succeeded in continuing their lives and overcoming obstacles to their growth by seeking help from cooperation and cooperation. this was a simple approach at first, but over time, with the expansion of the socio-economic dimensions of life, it has become more complex. in the realm of economic activities, the format and organizational structures of such cooperations are called cooperative companies. the cooperative sector, if it removes obstacles and restrictions in the field of production and employment, improves the security coefficient of domestic investment, and implements support plans, can act as a hub for economic development in attracting investment and creating productive employment and play a constructive role as a strong socio-economic arm in the service of the government and society. considering the location of the bajigaran district of quchan county in the border region, attention should be paid to the socio-economic opportunities arising from the markets and cooperatives of border residents in these areas so that if necessary, necessary revisions can be made to increase effectiveness and efficiency. because the border villages of the bajigaran district of quchan county mainly have many transactions in the socio-economic sector using border exchanges, these activities may not have contributed significantly to the endogenous development of this district and have not left the desired effects. although this part of the iranian villages, which is located at a border point, is deprived mainly due to its distance from the center of the province, this deprivation has mainly led to the weakening of the socio-economic sectors. therefore, given the emphasis of the country's economic policymakers on the need to use more of the capacities of the cooperative sector and, on the other hand, the need for balanced development of different regions of the country, the importance and effective role of border cooperatives in socio-economic development is well felt. accordingly, to examine the impact of border cooperatives in the villages of the studied district on the socio-economic development of the villagers, it was designed and organized. thus, the present study seeks to answer the key question of to what extent the formation and activities of border cooperatives have been able to affect the socio-economic development of the villagers of dolatkhaneh rural district.  methodology this study is applied in terms of purpose and is descriptive-analytical in terms of implementation method. the research is considered quantitative. library and survey methods were used to collect data. using the library method, relevant sources were studied and reviewed in relation to the subject, and relevant indicators and items were identified. the independent variable in the study includes the performance of cooperatives, and the dependent variable includes socio-economic development, which were studied through indicators extracted from theoretical literature. results and discussion border cooperatives seem to be one of the solutions for using the locational advantage of these areas for the benefit of local and regional development. cooperatives stabilize society and create employment in border areas, and security is more significant in these areas. with increasing levels of education and training and understanding of cooperative principles, the motivation for membership increases, and thus, ultimately, with increasing member participation, the amount of capital in cooperatives increases. more appropriate use of border exchanges to implement government policies, redirecting border residents' activities from smuggling goods to healthy trade, enabling the adequate supply of food and essential goods in border areas, facilitating the provision of basic needs in remote and border areas, preventing migration and stopping the evacuation of the population of these areas, improving the livelihood of the people of the district by providing them with income, border residents taking advantage of the benefits of the border exchanges law, uniting border residents' organizations, combating food price increases and inflation due to the shortage of supply in these areas, diversifying individuals' incomes and reducing their vulnerability to dependence on agriculture or animal husbandry, and creating a spirit of cooperation and collaboration among minorities living in border areas. conclusion the results of this study show that cross-border cooperatives, as a tool for socio-economic development, have played an effective role in increasing income, reducing poverty, creating job opportunities, and improving social capital. nevertheless, the impact of these cooperatives in different regions has varied depending on infrastructure conditions, government support, and the level of public participation. from an economic perspective, the findings show that increasing household income and diversifying job opportunities are among the most important benefits of cross-border cooperatives. however, direct job creation remains a challenge, as many job opportunities created are short-term and not sustainable enough. increasing investment in cooperative-related industries, providing financial support to local entrepreneurs, and creating export opportunities are effective strategies for strengthening the economy of these regions. in the social sphere, findings show that border cooperatives have been able to help improve the social situation of border areas by strengthening social capital, preventing migration, and increasing public participation. regardless, problems such as high smuggling rates and insufficient access to welfare services remain among the main challenges. appropriate policies in the field of social security, development of educational and health facilities, and increasing public awareness about the role of cooperatives are among the suggested solutions to reduce these problems.  fundingthere is no funding support. authors’ contributionall of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work. conflict of interestthe authors declared no conflict of interest. acknowledgmentsthe authors thank all the professors and researchers who added to the richness of this research by providing their expert opinions.