نقش زیست‌بوم در مقابله با قاچاق مواد مخدر مطالعه موردی: استان سیستان و بلوچستان

زمینه و هدف: مطالعه ارتباط میان زیست‌بوم و ارتکاب جرم موضوعی اساسی در جامعه‌شناسی و جغرافیای جنایی است به شکلی که نوع زیست‌بوم، فرصت ارتکاب جرم را فراهم نموده یا آن را محدود می‌سازد. در حوزه قاچاق مواد مخدر دو موضوع مجاورت کشور با هلال طلایی تولید و قاچاق مواد مخدر و زیست‌بوم خطوط ترانزیتی این مواد حائز اهمیت است. این امر لزوم برنامه‌ریزی مدون و منسجم را در این حوزه دوچندان می‌سازد. با این توضیحات این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی نقش زیست‌بوم در ارتکاب قاچاق مواد مخدر در استان سیستان و بلوچستان انجام‌شده است.روش: پژوهش حاضر از نظر روش از نوع تحقیق توصیفی همبستگی بوده و تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌های آماری به‌وسیله آمار توصیفی (میانگین-درصد و نمودار) و آمار استنباطی (ضریب همبستگی پیرسون) انجام‌شده است؛ همچنین از نظر هدف کاربردی می‌باشد.یافته‌ها: در موضوع قاچاق مواد مخدر و مطابق نتایج حاصله ارتباط میان زیست‌بوم طبیعی و انسانی و میزان قاچاق مواد مخدر اثبات گردید. در این راستا مواردی چون مرز سیصد کیلومتری آبی استان سیستان و بلوچستان، عوارض طبیعی خاص این استان، و هم‌جواری با استان‌های مبدا انتقال مواد مخدر، عوامل جمعیتی، بافت قومی و مذهبی مهم‌ترین مولفه‌های اثرگذار موضوع هستند. نتایج: با توجه به ضریب همبستگی 74.2% میان زیست‌بوم مختص استان و جابه‌جایی مواد مخدر، همبستگی بالایی میان این عوامل وجود دارد.

the role of the ecosystem in dealing with drug trafficking: a case study of sistan and baluchistan province

a b s t r a c tbackground and aim: the study of the relationship between the environment and crime is a fundamental issue in sociology and criminal geography, in that the type of environment provides or limits the opportunity to commit a crime. in the field of drug trafficking, two issues are important: the proximity of the country to the golden crescent of drug production and trafficking and the environment of the transit routes of these substances. this doubles the need for systematic and coherent planning in this area. with these explanations, this research was conducted with the aim of identifying the role of the environment in drug trafficking in sistan and baluchestan province.methodology: the method of analyzing statistical data is through descriptive statistics (mean-percentage and graph) and inferential statistics (pearson's correlation coefficient).results: given the correlation coefficient of 74.2% between the province's specific ecosystem and drug trafficking, there is a high correlation between these factors.conclusion: in the issue of drug trafficking, and according to the results, the relationship between the natural and human ecosystem and the rate of drug trafficking was proven. in this regard, issues such as the three hundred kilometer water border of sistan and baluchestan province, the specific natural features of this province, and proximity to the provinces of origin of drug trafficking, demographic factors, ethnic and religious context are the most important influential components of the issue.extended abstractintroductiondrugs are one of the most important problems of human society, so much so that it has been named one of the four major crises of the 21st century, along with issues such as the nuclear crisis, the population crisis, and the environment. smuggling of these drugs is considered one of the factors that create civilian insecurity worldwide. despite the efforts made and the testimony of a large number of naja agents and special officers, due to the existence of extensive borders, neighborhood with drug-producing countries, the specific ecology and geographical factors of border areas, and the lack of control tools, no fundamental solution has been foreseen for this problem so far. the importance of addressing this issue is that smugglers have been able to achieve their sinister goals by understanding the ecosystem. therefore, considering this issue, it is necessary for the law enforcement and military forces stationed in that province to prepare and implement more comprehensive security and law enforcement plans in every possible way, including by seeking help from earth sciences, especially geography and various branches, as well as studying human geography. methodologythe statistical data analysis method is by descriptive statistics (mean-percentage and graph) and inferential statistics (pearson correlation coefficient). in this study, in order to evaluate the factors affecting drug trafficking in sistan and baluchestan province, several different tools were used step by step in order to achieve more reliable results and to comment more decisively.in the first step, 50 drug discovery files in sistan and baluchestan province were examined over a three-year period; in the second step, a questionnaire with a 5-point scale was prepared for the survey, and 120 copies were reproduced and distributed selectively and purposefully among the provincial commanders and law enforcement officers, expert officers of the anti-narcotics police, university professors, and officials and employees of the anti-narcotics coordination council of the sistan and baluchestan province governorate. in the third step, interview tools with some arrested suspects and experts in the field of anti-narcotics and close observation were used. in the fourth step, statistical information taken from the sistan and baluchestan province anti-narcotics police and other official and unofficial statistics from organizations and institutions related to the issue of anti-narcotics were used. results and discussionstudying the relationship between the environment and committing crime is a fundamental issue in sociology and criminal geography, in a way that the type of environment provides or limits the opportunity to commit crime. in the field of drug trafficking, two issues are important: the proximity of the country to the golden crescent of drug production and trafficking and the environment of the transit routes of these substances. this doubles the need for systematic and coherent planning in this area. as the second largest province in the country, sistan and baluchestan province borders the largest drug producer in the world; this makes this province the shortest and most economical drug transit route, and of course, geomorphological and environmental factors play a fundamental role in facilitating this issue. with these explanations, this research was conducted with the aim of identifying the role of the environment in committing drug trafficking in sistan and baluchestan province.in this study, the impact of the ecosystem of sistan and baluchestan province on drug trafficking, including natural and human geographical factors, was analyzed and compared with each other, and finally, some cases were suggested for the effectiveness of preventive measures. conclusionthe relationship between geographical factors (ecology, natural and human) and the entry of drugs) was evaluated in the test and based on the questionnaire responses and the case files of the arrested defendants and the documentary and statistical studies taken, and according to the results obtained from the correlation coefficient test, based on the theories of the chicago school and the opportunity approach and crime hotspots, it was proven that there is a significant relationship between geographical factors (ecology, natural and human) and the entry of drugs into sistan and baluchestan province. therefore, the geographical factors affecting drug trafficking into sistan and baluchestan province include environmental factors and human and natural factors. fundingthere is no funding support. authors’ contributionall of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work. conflict of interestthe authors declared no conflict of interest acknowledgmentsthe authors consider it necessary to express their gratitude to all those who have cooperated in compiling and writing this research work.