نقش فناوری‌های جدید در پیشگیری از قاچاق کالا مطالعه موردی، مرزبانی استان کردستان

زمینه و هدف: امروزه فناوری‌های نوین در کنترل و پایش مرزها افق‌های جدیدی را پیش روی کشورهای جهان در خصوص حفظ و حراست از مرزهایشان گشوده و روی آوردن به فناوری‌های نوین در نظارت و کنترل آن‌ها می‌تواند موجبات خنثی‌سازی تهدیدات را فراهم آورد. پژوهش حاضر به بررسی نقش فناوری‌های نوین در پیشگیری از قاچاق در مرزهای استان کردستان پرداخته.روش: این پژوهش از نظر هدف، کاربردی از نوع کمی با روش پژوهش، توصیفی پیمایشی با ابزار پرسشنامه با طیف 5 درجه‌ای لیکرت پس از تایید روایی و پایایی آن با هدف بررسی گویه‌ها در میان 70 نفر از کارکنان فرماندهی مرزبانی استان کردستان توزیع و داده‌های به‌دست‌آمده در قالب نرم‌افزار spss با برآورد آزمون فریدمن و خی‌دو مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفت.یافته‌ها: بر اساس یافته‌های تحقیق دوربین‌های دید در شب، پهپادها و دوربین‌های حرارتی بالاترین کارکرد از لحاظ کنترل و پایش مرزها و پیشگیری از قاچاق در نوار مرزی استان کردستان داشته و رادارها و فناوری gis نیز می‌توانند در این زمینه موثر بوده و در جایگاه‌های پایین‌تری به نسبت فناوری‌های پیش‌تر اشاره‌شده قرار دارند.نتایج: فناوری‌های نوین کنترلی و نظارتی می‌توانند نقش تعیین‌کننده در پیشگیری از قاچاق کالا در نواحی مرزی داشته باشند. این فناوری‌ها با دقت و کارایی بالا می‌توانند خطا و آسیب‌های انسانی را به حداقل رسانده و نقش موثری در پیشگیری، شناسایی و مقابله با قاچاق از مبادی ورودی و خروجی مرزهای استان کردستان داشته باشند

the role of new technologies in the prevention of goods smuggling the case study of border guard of kurdistan province

a b s t r a c tbackground and aim: today, new technologies in the control and monitoring of borders have opened new horizons for the countries of the world regarding the preservation and protection of their borders, and turning to new technologies in their monitoring and control can provide the means of neutralizing threats. the present study investigates the role of new technologies in preventing smuggling in the borders of kurdistan province.methodology: research method and statistical population: in terms of purpose, this research is applied in a quantitative type with a descriptive survey research method using a questionnaire with a 5 point likert scale after verifying its validity and reliability to examine the items among 70 employees of the border control command. kurdistan province distribution and obtained data were analyzed in the form of spss software with friedman and chi square test estimates.results: based on the research findings, night vision cameras, drones and thermal cameras have the highest function in terms of controlling and monitoring borders and preventing smuggling in the border strip of kurdistan province, and radars and gis technology can also be effective in this field and lower positions. they are compared to the previously mentioned technologies.conclusion: new control and monitoring technologies can play a decisive role in preventing the smuggling of goods in border areas. these technologies with high accuracy and efficiency can minimize human error and damage and play an effective role in preventing, identifying and dealing with smuggling from the entry and exit points of the borders of kurdistan provinceextended abstractintroductionsmuggling of goods in our country is important as an important economic and social challenge in the regional, national and international spheres, in addition to its negative economic effects. so that the prevalence of smuggling and the effect of its profit as a factor inhibiting the development will disrupt the application and implementation of the government’s economic, social and cultural programs and will cause a decrease in economic growth and stagnation undoubtedly, the problem of smuggling of goods on the economic body of any a country is so influential that it is necessary to take appropriate measures to control it. in our country, due to the culture and values governing the entry and exit of goods into the country, the necessity of adopting special measures is increasingly felt.kurdistan province is one of the border provinces of the country with a 227 km common border with the neighbouring country of iraq. the smuggling of goods has always been a significant and thought provoking phenomenon in the borders of this province, which has had destructive consequences for the economy and also the security of this region of the country. and he pointed out that young people are turning to fake jobs related to smuggling. in this research, the role of new technologies in preventing the smuggling of goods from the borders of kurdistan province is investigated and implementation solutions are presented to effectively deal with wajdi and intensify control measures at the borders of this province. methodologythis research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of type. therefore, the technique used in, the survey and information gathering tool in conducting this research is a researcher made questionnaire based on a 5 option likert scale and from the statistical population of 85 employees, experts and experts related to the fight against goods smuggling in the border guard of kurdistan province, considering due to the homogeneity of the statistical population, 70 people were selected by simple random sampling using cochran’s formula, and spss software was used to analyze the data. results and discussionthe current state of the world is in no way comparable to before. the advancement of technology has caused extensive changes and transformations in all levels of communication between humans, and according to these developments, the approaches have also been transformed and modified. the advancement of technology has affected all fields and has penetrated almost all areas. police knowledge is not excluded from this case and it grows and develops along with it. the need to use new equipment in the field of control and monitoring by the police is undeniable. one of these fields is the field of control and protection of border lines and areas by border police in different countries of the world. borders have always been one of the main concerns of country officials in different countries of the world due to their increasing importance in maintaining the sovereignty and stability of a country. the growth and development of new technologies in the field of control, monitoring, prevention and countermeasures has shown more of itself in border management and border protection. today, the mechanized and digitally controlled borders have good stability and we see the least tension and conflict in these borders. conclusionborders provide the basis for the security of countries and have a special position and importance for governments, in such a way that every government orders to achieve development and security in the internal space of its country and to prevent and reduce the entry of cross border challenges and issues into its country various solutions and methods are used. during recent decades, various developments in the field of border control and border management have led to an increase in the quality of border management and, as a result, a reduction in the phenomenon of smuggling in the advanced countries of the world, so today the use of new technologies such as wireless sensor networks in land and water areas, drones for monitoring aerial surveillance of border areas, night vision cameras for monitoring border lines by border guards, thermal cameras to prevent, identify and detect smuggling convoys, as well as technologies such as radars and gis to identify depots of smuggled goods, the places where smugglers gather and where they pass, grow and expand it has spread in most of the advanced countries of the world, considering the size of our country, the use of these new technologies can be effective in controlling and monitoring the borders of our country. due to its neighbourhood with unstable countries, our country has always been exposed to all kinds of threats, the main of which has been smuggling in different parts inside or outside the country, which shows the necessity of having and using modern border guarding technologies. fundingthere is no funding support. authors’ contributionall of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work. conflict of interestauthors declared no conflict of interest. acknowledgmentswe are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.