چالش‌های حقوقی فرماندهی مرزبانی جمهوری اسلامی ایران با تاکید بر سیاست‌های تقنینی

زمینه و هدف: فرماندهی مرزبانی جمهوری اسلامی ایران به‌عنوان یکی از مهم‌ترین متولیان برقراری نظم و امنیت در مناطق مرزی نیازمند نظام حقوقی منسجم و بدون نقص می‌باشد که بتواند حمایت‌های حقوقی را در مراجع قضایی داشته باشد. با توجه به این موضوع پژوهش حاضر به دنبال شناسایی چالش‌های حقوقی فرماندهی مرزبانی کل انتظامی در بعد سیاست‌های تقنینی می‌باشد.روش: پژوهش حاضر به لحاظ هدف از نوع کاربردی بوده که به روش کیفی انجام‌گرفته است. ابزار گردآوری مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته بوده است که روایی آن به صوری و با تائید نخبگان و کارشناسان آشنا به موضوع پژوهش انجام‌گرفته است و پایایی آن به روش بازبینی مجدد از طرف جامعه مشارکت‌کنندگان تائید گردیده است. جامعه مشارکت‌کنندگان به‌صورت هدفمند از بین کارکنان فرماندهی مرزبانی به تعداد 42 نفر به‌شرط اشباع نظری انتخاب گردیده است. ابزار تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها به روش تحلیل مضمون انجام‌گرفته است.یافته‌ها: یافته‌های به‌دست‌آمده نشان داد، چالش‌های حقوقی فرماندهی مرزبانی فراجا در حوزه سیاست‌های تقنینی که در دو سطح مضامین پایه و سازمان دهنده مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت دارای 66 کد باز و 17 کد محوری بوده که این فرماندهی در انجام ماموریت‌های خود نیازمند بازنگری و توجه ویژه به این حوزه دارد.نتایج: نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان می‌دهد؛ فرماندهی مرزبانی برای مرتفع نمودن چالش‌های حقوقی خود در حوزه سیاست‌های تقنینی نیازمند توجه ویژه قانون‌گذار به خلاءهای قانونی و یا قوانینی که قابلیت پیاده‌سازی در عرصه اجراء نیست، می‌باشد. لذا بازنگری در قوانین مرتبط با ماموریت‌های مرزی از مهم‌ترین راهکارهای است که در حال حاضر می‌تواند در مرتفع نمودن چالش‌های حقوقی فرماندهی مرزبانی کارساز باشد.

legal challenges of the border guard command of the islamic republic of iran with an emphasis on legislative policies

a b s t r a c tbackground and aim: border guard command of the islamic republic of iran, as one of the most important custodians of establishing order and security in the border areas, needs a coherent and flawless legal system that can have legal protections in judicial authorities. according to this issue, the current research seeks to identify the legal challenges of the general police border guard command in terms of legislative policies.methodology: the purpose of this research is applied, which was conducted using a qualitative method. the collection tool was a semi structured interview, the validity of which was confirmed formally and with the approval of elites and experts familiar with the subject of the research, and its reliability was confirmed by the method of repeated review by the participants. the community of participants has been purposefully selected from among the employees of the border guard command in the number of 42 people under the condition of theoretical saturation. the tool of data analysis has been done by thematic analysis method.results: the findings showed that the legal challenges of the faraja border guard command in the field of legislative policies, which were analyzed at the two levels of basic and organizing themes, had 66 open codes and 17 core codes, which this command needs to review and pay attention to in carrying out its missions. special to this field.conclusion: the obtained results show; in order to solve its legal challenges in the field of legislative policies, the border guard command requires special attention of the legislator to legal gaps or laws that cannot be implemented in the field of enforcement. therefore, revising the laws related to border missions is one of the most important solutions that can currently be effective in solving the legal challenges of the border guard command.extended abstractintroductionaccording to the report of the legal department of the deputy inspection of the border guard command, annually between 500 and 1000 cases or legal convictions with criminal and legal approaches against the border guard command or the employees of this organization with various issues, including real estate and land, confiscation of property, numerous arrests, the law on the use of weapons, traffic in the border strip, etc., is issued by the judicial courts, which makes the border guard organization bear heavy costs or damages. accepting these convictions and paying these costs shows the existence of gaps and legal challenges in the existing rules, which may not have the necessary deterrence against the violations committed in the mission area of this organization. considering this issue and to prevent the wastage of material and human resources of this important and valuable organization, it is necessary to identify the challenges in the legal rules of this organization in the form of a scientific study and to provide solutions that are appropriate to these challenges. necessary measures should be taken by the relevant authorities to solve them. in this regard, the question that the authors seek to answer is; what are the legal challenges of the general border guard command of the islamic republic of iran? methodologyin terms of purpose, the present research is applied and in terms of the nature of the data and the method of execution, it is of the type of qualitative research. in this research, by referring to empirical and theoretical literature, the legal challenges of the faraja border patrol command were identified and extracted through exploration, and these cases were analyzed qualitatively. in this research, semi structured interviews were conducted with 42 experts from the fields of legal, judicial, law enforcement, border guarding, and admiralty of the faraja border guard command, with face to face visits and interviews with each person. the method of data analysis in this research is thematic analysis, which was done in three levels. coding of data was done by analytical method and based on basic, organizing and comprehensive themes and finally concepts, categories and propositions were extracted. to obtain validity in the present research, the opinions and guidelines of experts have been used to formulate the interview questions. results and discussionthe findings showed that the legal challenges of the faraja border guard command in the field of legislative policies, which were analyzed at the two levels of basic and organizing themes, had 66 open codes and 17 core codes, which this command needs to review and pay special attention to in carrying out its missions. it has a domain.in carrying out its missions, the border guard command faces three categories of legal challenges, which are the challenges of the legislative branch related to the legislature, and therefore, to resolve these challenges, this command needs to hold the necessary legal consultations with the general police command (legal assistant) and at higher levels. with the islamic council to review the laws that have been enacted during the past decades and are currently not enforceable or are impractical and have legal gaps for this command.the second category of legal challenges of the faraja border guard command is related to the judicial approach to the country’s criminal policies. in explaining this issue, it should be pointed out that by taking into account the nature of the border guard’s mission of having close relations with the judicial authorities, according to the investigations carried out in the present research, part of the legal challenges of the faraja border guard command are related to the opinions and rulings issued by the judicial authorities are related to the issues related to the missions of this command. the third category of legal challenges of the faraja border guard command is related to the implementation approach of the country’s criminal policies. about the reduction of the mentioned challenges, the border guard command needs the cooperation and interaction of all government agencies that are somehow related to the affairs of the border areas. conclusionthe border guard command requires the cooperation and interaction of all government agencies that are somehow related to the affairs of the border areas. governorships, governorates and other departments that in any way have a role in the management of border areas, especially border residents who form the main body of border guard missions, should have the necessary cooperation with this command in reducing these challenges. in addition to the mentioned cases, part of the implementation challenges of the border guard missions are related to the internal regulations, which are not able to be cited in the judicial courts, so it is necessary to make decisions in this regard that are appropriate to the challenges ahead. fundingthere is no funding support. authors’ contributionall of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work. conflict of interestauthors declared no conflict of interest. acknowledgmentswe are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.