effects of lysophospholipids on performance, blood lipid parameters, milk composition, and the expression of lipogenic genes in early lactating holstein dairy cows

This study investigated the effects of lysophospholipid (lpl) supplementation at varying inclusion levels on blood parameters, milk production, milk fatty acid composition, and the expression of fat synthesis-related genes in holstein dairy cows. a total of fifteen cows was randomly assigned to three dietary treatment groups: 1) a control diet with no lpl, 2) the control diet supplemented with 0.1% lpl based on dry matter, and 3) the control diet supplemented with 0.15% lpl based on dry matter. the experimental period consisted of a 14-day adaptation phase, followed by a 21-day data collection phase. the results indicated that the addition of lpl to the diet significantly enhanced the net lactation energy. furthermore, blood lipid profiles improved with increasing lpl levels, suggesting enhanced lipid metabolism. the fatty acid composition of milk was significantly enriched in the 0.15% lpl group, particularly in terms of beneficial fatty acids. moreover, the group receiving the higher lpl level showed upregulated expression of key lipogenic genes, including stearoyl-coa desaturase (scd) and fatty acid binding protein (fabp). notably, daily feed intake and milk yield remained unaffected by lpl supplementation. overall, the findings suggested that lpl inclusion, especially at 0.15% of dry matter, may improve metabolic efficiency and milk quality in early-lactation dairy cows. further research is recommended to examine the long-term outcomes and economic benefits of lpl supplementation in dairy cows.